免疫状态与 SARS-CoV-2 病毒动力学。
Immune Status and SARS-CoV-2 Viral Dynamics.
机构信息
Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
出版信息
J Infect Dis. 2023 Aug 31;228(Suppl 2):S111-S116. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiad200.
Abstract
Immunocompromised individuals are disproportionately affected by severe coronavirus disease 2019, but immune compromise is heterogenous, and viral dynamics may vary by the degree of immunosuppression. In this study, we categorized ACTIV-2/A5401 participants based on the extent of immunocompromise into none, mild, moderate, and severe immunocompromise. Moderate/severe immunocompromise was associated with higher nasal viral load at enrollment (adjusted difference in means: 0.47 95% confidence interval, .12-.83 log10 copies/mL) and showed a trend toward higher cumulative nasal RNA levels and plasma viremia compared to nonimmunocompromised individuals. Immunosuppression leads to greater viral shedding and altered severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 viral decay kinetics. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT04518410.
摘要
免疫功能低下者受严重 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的影响不成比例，但免疫缺陷是异质性的，病毒动力学可能因免疫抑制程度而异。在这项研究中，我们根据免疫缺陷的程度将 ACTIV-2/A5401 参与者分为无、轻度、中度和重度免疫缺陷。中度/重度免疫缺陷与较高的鼻病毒载量（校正均值差异：0.47，95%置信区间：0.12-0.83 log10 拷贝/ml）和与未受免疫抑制的个体相比，鼻 RNA 水平和血浆病毒血症的累积量呈升高趋势。免疫抑制导致更多的病毒脱落，并改变了严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 的病毒衰减动力学。临床试验注册。NCT04518410。
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