State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi'an Jiaotong University (Yantai) Research Institute for Intelligent Sensing Technology and System, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
Dalton Trans. 2023 Sep 19;52(36):12988-12998. doi: 10.1039/d3dt02337k.
Given the worldwide increase in diabetes, there is an urgent need for glucose sensors that can achieve the on-body detection of glucose concentration. With the development of nanomaterials and flexible electronics, wearable electrochemical enzyme-free glucose biosensors that can conveniently, continuously and stably monitor the glucose concentrations of diabetes patients without invasion and risk of infection are coming into focus. However, despite the enormous efforts toward wearable electrochemical enzyme-free glucose sensors, there have been limited achievements in developing a stretchable and breathable glucose sensor with high sensitivity, low detection limit, and excellent catalytic activity towards glucose oxidation in neutral media, to meet the need for continuous wearable glucose monitoring in scenarios such as the on-body detection of glucose in human sweat. Herein, we demonstrate a novel electrochemical enzyme-free glucose-sensing patch on the foundation of electrospun polyurethane (PU) fibrous mats to address some of the aforementioned challenges. The sensing patch was fabricated through a facile technology of electrospinning, followed by magnetron sputtering of gold (Au) to enable high conductivity. After that, ultrasonic-assisted electrodeposition was utilized to introduce well-dispersed platinum nano pine needles along each fiber. Due to the good stretchability of PU materials, porous structure, and large specific surface area of electrochemical sites, the glucose-sensing patch promises merits such as good stretchability (performs well under 10% strain), high sensitivity (203.13 μA mM cm), prominently low detection limit (14.77 μM), excellent selectivity, and efficient vapor permeability. Notably, the advanced hierarchical nanostructures with excellent catalytic activity towards glucose oxidation could be capable of detecting glucose in neutral conditions (pH = 7.4) without the assistance of enzymes. Given the facile fabrication methods and the integrated superior performances, this enzyme-free glucose-sensing patch could play a vital role in wearable glucose sensors.
鉴于全球糖尿病发病率的上升，人们迫切需要能够实现体内葡萄糖浓度检测的葡萄糖传感器。随着纳米材料和柔性电子技术的发展，具有便利性、连续性和稳定性的可穿戴电化学无酶葡萄糖生物传感器越来越受到关注，可在不侵入和感染风险的情况下监测糖尿病患者的葡萄糖浓度。然而，尽管在开发具有高灵敏度、低检测限和在中性介质中对葡萄糖氧化具有优异催化活性的可拉伸和透气的葡萄糖传感器方面做出了巨大努力，但仍难以满足在人体汗液中进行体内葡萄糖检测等场景下对连续可穿戴葡萄糖监测的需求。在此，我们基于静电纺丝聚氨酯（PU）纤维垫展示了一种新型的电化学无酶葡萄糖传感贴片，以解决上述部分挑战。该传感贴片是通过简单的静电纺丝技术制造的，随后通过磁控溅射金（Au）以实现高导电性。之后，利用超声辅助电沉积将分散良好的铂纳米松针引入到每个纤维中。由于 PU 材料的高拉伸性、多孔结构和电化学活性位点的大比表面积，葡萄糖传感贴片具有良好的拉伸性（在 10%应变下表现良好）、高灵敏度（203.13 μA mM cm）、低检测限（14.77 μM）、出色的选择性和高效的透气性等优点。值得注意的是，具有优异葡萄糖氧化催化活性的先进分级纳米结构可以在没有酶的帮助下在中性条件（pH = 7.4）下检测葡萄糖。鉴于其简单的制造方法和集成的卓越性能，这种无酶葡萄糖传感贴片在可穿戴葡萄糖传感器中具有重要作用。
