Translational Immunology Laboratory, Department of Transdisciplinary Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
Macrophage Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Institute of Endemic Disease, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-799, South Korea.
Exp Mol Med. 2023 Sep;55(9):1945-1954. doi: 10.1038/s12276-023-01068-z. Epub 2023 Sep 1.
Macrophages are essential innate immune cells found throughout the body that have protective and pathogenic functions in many diseases. When activated, macrophages can mediate the phagocytosis of dangerous cells or materials and participate in effective tissue regeneration by providing growth factors and anti-inflammatory molecules. Ex vivo-generated macrophages have thus been used in clinical trials as cell-based therapies, and based on their intrinsic characteristics, they outperformed stem cells within specific target diseases. In addition to the old methods of generating naïve or M2 primed macrophages, the recently developed chimeric antigen receptor-macrophages revealed the potential of genetically engineered macrophages for cell therapy. Here, we review the current developmental status of macrophage-based cell therapy. The findings of important clinical and preclinical trials are updated, and patent status is investigated. Additionally, we discuss the limitations and future directions of macrophage-based cell therapy, which will help broaden the potential utility and clinical applications of macrophages.
巨噬细胞是存在于全身的重要固有免疫细胞，在许多疾病中具有保护和致病功能。巨噬细胞被激活后，可以通过吞噬危险细胞或物质，并提供生长因子和抗炎分子来参与有效的组织再生。因此，体外生成的巨噬细胞已被用于临床试验中的细胞治疗，并且根据其固有特性，它们在特定目标疾病中的表现优于干细胞。除了生成幼稚或 M2 型巨噬细胞的旧方法外，最近开发的嵌合抗原受体巨噬细胞揭示了基因工程巨噬细胞在细胞治疗中的潜力。在这里，我们综述了基于巨噬细胞的细胞治疗的当前发展状况。更新了重要的临床前和临床试验的结果，并对专利状况进行了调查。此外，我们还讨论了基于巨噬细胞的细胞治疗的局限性和未来方向，这将有助于拓宽巨噬细胞的潜在用途和临床应用。
