Department of Sport and Exercise Science, Abertay University, Bell St, Dundee, DD1 1HG, Scotland.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2024 Feb;124(2):595-606. doi: 10.1007/s00421-023-05305-1. Epub 2023 Sep 1.
The physiological examination of boxing has been limited to systemic response in amateur athletes. The demands of professional boxing have been overlooked, despite the different competition format. We sought to determine the physiological demands placed on skeletal muscle in professional boxing.
Ten male professional boxers (age 26 ± 5 years, height 177 ± 4 cm, weight 71 ± 6 kg) were recruited for this observational study. On different days, the athletes completed 6 × 3 min rounds of pad, bag or spar-based training with 1 min recovery between each round. Prior to each session, participants put on a heart rate monitor and near-infrared spectroscopy attached to the belly of the rectus femoris muscle to record heart rate and muscle oxygenation.
There were significantly less punches thrown in sparring compared to other training modalities (p < 0.001). Skeletal muscle oxygenation across training modalities consisted of a delay, fast desaturation and steady state. Across rounds there was a significant increase in time delay for desaturation (p = 0.016), rate of fast desaturation (p < 0.001) and duration of fast desaturation (p = 0.019). There was a significant difference in sparring for the heart rate where skeletal muscle oxygenation changes occurred compared to pads or bag sessions (p < 0.001).
The findings highlight differences in the skeletal muscle response to the different training modalities. Practitioners need to be aware of the muscular demands of each session to allow optimal adaptation across a training camp. Training needs to allow the skeletal muscle to achieve a new oxygenation steady state rapidly to promote efficient performance across rounds.
拳击的生理检查仅限于业余运动员的全身反应。尽管比赛形式不同，但一直忽略了职业拳击的需求。我们旨在确定职业拳击对骨骼肌的生理需求。
本观察研究招募了 10 名男性职业拳击手（年龄 26±5 岁，身高 177±4cm，体重 71±6kg）。运动员在不同的日子里完成了 6×3 分钟的垫、袋或对打训练回合，每轮之间休息 1 分钟。在每次训练前，参与者都会戴上心率监测器和贴在股直肌腹部的近红外光谱仪，以记录心率和肌肉氧合。
与其他训练方式相比，对打训练中出拳明显减少（p<0.001）。各训练方式的骨骼肌氧合均存在延迟、快速去饱和和稳定状态。在整个回合中，去饱和的时间延迟（p=0.016）、快速去饱和的速率（p<0.001）和快速去饱和的持续时间（p=0.019）均显著增加。与垫或袋训练相比，在对打训练中，心率发生骨骼肌氧合变化时存在显著差异（p<0.001）。
研究结果强调了不同训练方式对骨骼肌反应的差异。从业者需要了解每个训练环节的肌肉需求，以在整个训练营中实现最佳适应。训练需要使骨骼肌能够迅速达到新的氧合稳定状态，以提高回合间的高效表现。
