Clark James W
School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Tyndall Ave, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK.
New Phytol. 2023 Dec;240(6):2204-2209. doi: 10.1111/nph.19242. Epub 2023 Sep 2.
Plant evolution has been characterised by a series of major novelties in their vegetative and reproductive traits that have led to greater complexity. Underpinning this diversification has been the evolution of the genome. When viewed at the scale of the plant kingdom, plant genome evolution has been punctuated by conspicuous instances of gene and whole-genome duplication, horizontal gene transfer and extensive gene loss. The periods of dynamic genome evolution often coincide with the evolution of key traits, demonstrating the coevolution of plant genomes and phenotypes at a macroevolutionary scale. Conventionally, plant complexity and diversity have been considered through the lens of gene duplication and the role of gene loss in plant evolution remains comparatively unexplored. However, in light of reductive evolution across multiple plant lineages, the association between gene loss and plant phenotypic diversity warrants greater attention.
植物进化的特征是其营养和生殖性状出现了一系列重大创新，从而导致了更高的复杂性。基因组的进化是这种多样化的基础。从植物界的尺度来看，植物基因组进化过程中穿插着明显的基因和全基因组复制、水平基因转移以及大量基因丢失的情况。基因组动态进化的时期往往与关键性状的进化相吻合，这表明在宏观进化尺度上植物基因组与表型是共同进化的。传统上，人们是通过基因复制的视角来考量植物的复杂性和多样性的，而基因丢失在植物进化中的作用相对而言仍未得到充分探索。然而，鉴于多个植物谱系中的简化进化，基因丢失与植物表型多样性之间的关联值得更多关注。
