Biology of Spirochetes Unit, National Reference Center for Leptospirosis, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
USC 1223-RS2GP, Laboratory of Leptospira and Veterinary Analysis, VetAgro Sup, University of Lyon, Marcy l'Etoile, France.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2023 Aug 17;13:1236866. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1236866. eCollection 2023.
Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonotic disease. Humans and dogs are susceptible hosts, with similar clinical manifestations ranging from a febrile phase to multiple organ dysfunction. The incidence of leptospirosis in mainland France is relatively high, at about 1 case per 100,000 inhabitants, but our knowledge of the strains circulating in humans and dogs remains limited. We studied the polymorphism of the gene sequences in an exhaustive database, to facilitate the identification of strains. We identified 46 species-groups (SG) encompassing the eight pathogenic species of . We sequenced the gene amplification products from 170 biological samples collected from 2019 to 2021: 110 from humans and 60 from dogs. Epidemiological data, including vaccination status in dogs, were also collected. Three species displaying considerable diversity were identified: , with eight species-groups (including five new species-groups) in humans and dogs; , with two species-groups in humans and dogs; and , with one species-group in humans only. The species-group SG1, corresponding to serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae or Copenhageni, was frequently retrieved from both humans and dogs (67/110; 60.9% and 59/60; 98.3% respectively). A high proportion of the affected dogs developed the disease despite vaccination (30/60; 50%). Genotyping with the polymorphic gene is both robust and simple. This approach provided the first global picture of the strains responsible for acute infections in mainland France, based on biological samples but without the need for culture. Identification of the strains circulating and their changes over time will facilitate more precise epidemiological monitoring of susceptible and reservoir species. It should also facilitate the monitoring of environmental contamination, making it possible to implement preventive measures and to reduce the burden of this disease.
钩端螺旋体病是一种细菌性人畜共患病。人类和狗是易感宿主，其临床表现从发热期到多器官功能障碍不等。法国本土的钩端螺旋体病发病率相对较高，约为每 10 万人中有 1 例，但我们对人类和狗体内循环的菌株知之甚少。我们研究了一个详尽数据库中 基因序列的多态性，以促进菌株的鉴定。我们确定了 46 个种组（SG），其中包括 8 种致病性 。我们对 2019 年至 2021 年期间收集的 170 个生物样本的 基因扩增产物进行了测序：110 个来自人类，60 个来自狗。还收集了包括狗疫苗接种状况在内的流行病学数据。确定了 3 个具有相当多样性的 种： ，在人类和狗中发现了 8 个种组（包括 5 个新的种组）； ，在人类和狗中有 2 个种组；和 ，在人类中只有 1 个种组。种组 SG1，对应于血清型 Icterohaemorrhagiae 或 Copenhageni，经常从人和狗中分离到（67/110；60.9%和 59/60；分别为 98.3%）。尽管接种了疫苗，但相当一部分受感染的狗仍患病（30/60；50%）。用多态性 基因进行基因分型既稳健又简单。这种方法基于生物样本而无需培养，提供了法国本土急性感染的 菌株的首次全面情况。鉴定循环菌株及其随时间的变化将有助于更精确地监测易感和储存物种的流行病学。它还应有助于监测环境污染，以便能够实施预防措施并减轻这种疾病的负担。
