Xue Jinru, Qin Shaoyou, Ren Na, Guo Bo, Shi Xianquan, Jia Erna
Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun 130000, P.R. China.
Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun 130000, P.R. China.
Oncol Lett. 2023 Aug 11;26(4):423. doi: 10.3892/ol.2023.14009. eCollection 2023 Oct.
The prognosis of a gastric cancer (GC) diagnosis is poor due to the current lack of effective early diagnostic methods. Extracellular vesicle (EV) biomarkers have previously demonstrated strong diagnostic efficiency for certain types of cancer, including pancreatic and lung cancer. The present review aimed to summarize the diagnostic value of circulating EV biomarkers for early stage GC. The PubMed, Medline and Web of Science databases were searched from May 1983 to September 18, 2022. All studies that reported the diagnostic performance of EV biomarkers for GC were included for analysis. Overall, 27 studies were selected containing 2,831 patients with GC and 2,117 controls. A total of 58 EV RNAs were reported in 26 studies, including 39 microRNAs (miRNAs), 10 long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), five circular RNAs, three PIWI-interacting RNAs and one mRNA, in addition to one protein in the remaining study. Meta-analysis of the aforementioned studies demonstrated that the pooled sensitivity, specificity and AUC value of the total RNAs were 84, 67% and 0.822, respectively. The diagnostic values of miRNAs were consistent with the total RNA, as the pooled sensitivity, specificity and AUC value were 84, 67% and 0.808, respectively. The pooled sensitivity, specificity and AUC values of lncRNAs were 89, 69% and 0.872, respectively, markedly higher compared with that of miRNAs. A total of five studies reported the diagnostic performance of EV RNA panels for early stage GC and reported powerful diagnostic values with a pooled sensitivity, specificity and AUC value of 80, 77% and 0.879, respectively. Circulating EV RNAs could have the potential to be used in the future as effective, noninvasive biomarkers for early GC diagnosis. Further research in this field is necessary to translate these findings into clinical practice.
由于目前缺乏有效的早期诊断方法，胃癌（GC）诊断的预后较差。细胞外囊泡（EV）生物标志物先前已证明对某些类型的癌症具有强大的诊断效率，包括胰腺癌和肺癌。本综述旨在总结循环EV生物标志物对早期胃癌的诊断价值。检索了1983年5月至2022年9月18日的PubMed、Medline和Web of Science数据库。纳入所有报告EV生物标志物对胃癌诊断性能的研究进行分析。总体而言，选择了27项研究，包括2831例胃癌患者和2117例对照。26项研究共报告了58种EV RNA，包括39种微小RNA（miRNA）、10种长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）、5种环状RNA、3种PIWI相互作用RNA和1种mRNA，其余1项研究报告了1种蛋白质。对上述研究的荟萃分析表明，总RNA的合并敏感性、特异性和AUC值分别为84%、67%和0.822。miRNA的诊断价值与总RNA一致，合并敏感性、特异性和AUC值分别为84%、67%和0.808。lncRNA的合并敏感性、特异性和AUC值分别为89%、69%和0.872，明显高于miRNA。共有5项研究报告了EV RNA panel对早期胃癌的诊断性能，并报告了强大的诊断价值，合并敏感性、特异性和AUC值分别为80%、77%和0.879。循环EV RNA未来有可能作为早期胃癌诊断的有效、非侵入性生物标志物。该领域需要进一步研究以将这些发现转化为临床实践。
