Phetruang Apinya, Kusol Kiatkamjorn, Eksirinimit Thidarat, Jantasuwan Rachadaporn
Chulabhorn Hospital, and Graduated Master of Nursing Science Program in Community Nurse Practitioner, School of Nursing, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
School of Nursing, and the Excellence Center of Community Health Promotion, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2023 Aug 28;16:2499-2511. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S414172. eCollection 2023.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between personal factors, smoke exposure at home, and respiratory problems in early childhood in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand.
This study was retrospective. There was a total of 414 samples in the study. The instruments included the questionnaire about the personal data of early childhood and their caregivers, the smoke exposure assessment form, and the early childhood respiratory problem assessment form. The relationship between personal factors, smoke exposure at home, and respiratory problems in early childhood was analyzed by the Chi-squared test and binary logistic regression.
The results revealed that smoke exposure at home in early childhood was moderate (52.2%). There 68.8% had respiratory problems. The relationship between birth weight, and smoke exposure at home in early childhood was found to be significantly related to respiratory problems (X =5.014 < 0.05 and X = 85.711 < 0.001, respectively). It was found that children with a birth weight ≤2500g had respiratory problems at 2.55 times of the samples with birth weight >2500g (AOR = 2.55, 95% CI: 1.10-5.96), and moderate-high smoke exposure had respiratory problems at 8.86 times of the samples with low smoke exposure (AOR = 8.86, 95% CI: 5.39-14.60). Nutritional status and breastfeeding were not significantly related to respiratory problems in early childhood > 0.05.
The birth weight and smoke exposure at home factors were found to be related to their respiratory problems in early childhood. Thus, it is necessary to reduce stimuli, especially smoking at home. Moreover, the standard birth weight of their early childhood will reduce the rate of respiratory problems.
本研究旨在探讨泰国那空是贪玛叻府儿童个人因素、家庭烟雾暴露与幼儿期呼吸问题之间的关系。
本研究为回顾性研究。研究共纳入414个样本。研究工具包括关于幼儿及其照顾者个人数据的问卷、烟雾暴露评估表和幼儿呼吸问题评估表。采用卡方检验和二元逻辑回归分析个人因素、家庭烟雾暴露与幼儿期呼吸问题之间的关系。
结果显示，幼儿期家庭烟雾暴露程度为中度（52.2%）。68.8%的幼儿有呼吸问题。发现出生体重与幼儿期家庭烟雾暴露与呼吸问题之间存在显著相关性（分别为X =5.014 < 0.05和X = 85.711 < 0.001）。发现出生体重≤2500g的儿童出现呼吸问题的几率是出生体重>2500g样本的2.55倍（比值比=2.55，95%置信区间：1.10 - 5.96），中度 - 高度烟雾暴露的儿童出现呼吸问题的几率是低烟雾暴露样本的8.86倍（比值比=8.86，95%置信区间：5.39 - 14.60）。营养状况和母乳喂养与幼儿期呼吸问题无显著相关性（> 0.05）。
发现出生体重和家庭烟雾暴露因素与幼儿期呼吸问题有关。因此，有必要减少刺激因素，尤其是家庭吸烟。此外，维持幼儿的标准出生体重将降低呼吸问题的发生率。
