Department of Paediatric Surgery & Surgical Simulation, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Departments of Paediatrics & Surgery, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
ANZ J Surg. 2023 Nov;93(11):2600-2608. doi: 10.1111/ans.18686. Epub 2023 Sep 5.
Surgery is constantly evolving with the assistance of rapidly developing novel technology. Eye-tracking devices provide opportunities to monitor the acquisition of surgical skills, gain insight into performance, and enhance surgical practice. The aim of this review was to consolidate the available evidence for the use of eye-tracking in the surgical disciplines.
A systematic literature review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. A search of OVID Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane library, Scopus, and Science Direct was conducted January 2000 until December 2022. Studies involving eye-tracking in surgical training, assessment and technical innovation were included in the review. Non-surgical procedures, animal studies, and studies not involving surgical participants were excluded from the review.
The search returned a total of 12 054 articles, 80 of which were included in the final analysis and review. Seventeen studies involved eye-tracking in surgical training, 48 surgical assessment, and 20 were focussing on technical aspects of this technology. Twenty-six different eye-tracking devices were used in the included studies. Metrics such as the number of fixations, duration of fixations, dwell time, and cognitive workload were able to differentiate between novice and expert performance. Eight studies demonstrated the effectiveness of gaze-training for improving surgical skill.
The current literature shows a broad range of utility for a variety of eye-tracking devices in surgery. There remains a lack of standardization for metric parameters and gaze analysis techniques. Further research is required to validate its use to establish reliability and create uniform practices.
在快速发展的新技术的辅助下，外科手术不断发展。眼动追踪设备提供了监测手术技能获取、深入了解手术表现和增强手术实践的机会。本综述的目的是整合眼动追踪在外科领域应用的现有证据。
根据 PRISMA 指南进行系统文献综述。在 OVID Medline、EMBASE、Cochrane 图书馆、Scopus 和 Science Direct 中进行了检索，检索时间为 2000 年 1 月至 2022 年 12 月。本综述纳入了涉及手术培训、评估和技术创新中眼动追踪的研究。非手术程序、动物研究和不涉及手术参与者的研究被排除在综述之外。
检索共返回 12054 篇文章，其中 80 篇纳入最终分析和综述。17 项研究涉及手术培训中的眼动追踪，48 项研究涉及手术评估，20 项研究侧重于该技术的技术方面。在纳入的研究中使用了 26 种不同的眼动追踪设备。注视次数、注视持续时间、停驻时间和认知工作量等指标能够区分新手和专家的表现。八项研究表明，凝视训练对于提高手术技能是有效的。
目前的文献表明，各种眼动追踪设备在外科手术中有广泛的应用。在度量参数和注视分析技术方面仍然缺乏标准化。需要进一步的研究来验证其使用的有效性，以建立可靠性并创建统一的实践。
