Hiwrale Abhijeet, Bharati Swati, Pingale Prashant, Rajput Amarjitsing
Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharti Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandwane, Pune, 411038, Maharashtra, India.
Department of Pharmaceutics, GES's Sir Dr. M. S. Gosavi College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Nashik 422005, Maharashtra, India.
Heliyon. 2023 Aug 9;9(9):e18917. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18917. eCollection 2023 Sep.
Nanofibers have a large area of surface variable 3D topography, porosity, and adaptable surface functions. Several researchers are researching nanofiber technology as a potential solution to the current problems in several fields. It manages cardiovascular disorders, infectious diseases, gastrointestinal tract-associated diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, pain treatment, contraception, and wound healing. The nanofibers are fabricated using various fabrication techniques, such as electrospinning, phase separation, physical Fabrication, and chemical fabrication. Depending on their intended use, nanofibers are manufactured using a variety of polymers. It comprises natural polymers, semi-synthetic polymers, synthetic polymers, metals, metal oxides, ceramics, carbon, nonporous materials, mesoporous materials, hollow structures, core-shell structures, biocomponents, and multi-component materials. Nanofiber composites are a good alternative for targeted gene delivery, protein and peptide delivery, and growth factor delivery. Thus, nanofibers have huge potential in drug delivery, which enables them to be used for various applications and can revolutionize these therapeutic areas. This review systematically studied nanofibers' history, advantages, disadvantages, types, and polymers used in nanofiber technology. Further, polymers and their types used in the preparation of nanofibers were summarised. Mainly review article focuses on the fabrication method, i.e., electrospinning and its types. Finally, the article discussed the applications and recent advancements of nanofabrication technology.
纳米纤维具有大面积的表面可变三维形貌、孔隙率和可适应的表面功能。几位研究人员正在研究纳米纤维技术，将其作为解决多个领域当前问题的潜在方案。它可用于治疗心血管疾病、传染病、胃肠道相关疾病、神经退行性疾病、疼痛治疗、避孕和伤口愈合。纳米纤维是使用各种制造技术制造的，如静电纺丝、相分离、物理制造和化学制造。根据其预期用途，纳米纤维使用多种聚合物制造。它包括天然聚合物、半合成聚合物、合成聚合物、金属、金属氧化物、陶瓷、碳、无孔材料、介孔材料、中空结构、核壳结构、生物组分和多组分材料。纳米纤维复合材料是靶向基因递送、蛋白质和肽递送以及生长因子递送的良好替代品。因此，纳米纤维在药物递送方面具有巨大潜力，这使其能够用于各种应用，并可能彻底改变这些治疗领域。本综述系统地研究了纳米纤维的历史、优点、缺点、类型以及纳米纤维技术中使用的聚合物。此外，总结了用于制备纳米纤维的聚合物及其类型。主要综述文章重点关注制造方法，即静电纺丝及其类型。最后，文章讨论了纳米制造技术的应用和最新进展。
