Huang Tianzhi, Wang Yingyan, Wang Xuemei, Ma Li, Yang Xueting
Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Protection of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, China.
College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, China.
Front Microbiol. 2023 Aug 22;14:1217925. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1217925. eCollection 2023.
Patterns of microbial diversity on elevational gradients have been extensively studied, but little is known about those patterns during the restoration of earthquake-fractured alpine ecosystems. In this study, soil properties, soil enzyme activities, abundance and diversity of soil bacterial and fungal communities at four positions along a 2.6-km elevational gradient in the Snow Treasure Summit National Nature Reserve, located in Pingwu County, Southwest China. Although there were no significant changes in the soil chemical environment, bacterial and fungal communities were significantly different at different elevations. The overall fungal community presented an N-shaped diversity pattern with increasing elevation, while bacterial diversity decreased significantly with elevation. Changes in microbial diversity were associated with soil phosphorus, plant litter, and variations in dominant microbial taxa. Differences in enzyme activities among elevations were regulated by microbial communities, with changes in catalase and acid phosphatase activities mainly controlled by and bacteria, respectively (catalase: < 0.001; acid phosphatase: < 0.01), and those in β-glucosidase, sucrase, and urease activities mainly controlled by fungi. The β-glucosidase and sucrase were both positively correlated with , and urease was positively correlated with ( < 0.05). These findings contribute to the conservation and management of mountain ecosystems in the face of changing environmental conditions. Further research can delve into the specific interactions between microbial communities, soil properties, and vegetation to gain deeper insights into the intricate ecological dynamics within earthquake-prone mountain ecosystems.
微生物多样性在海拔梯度上的模式已得到广泛研究，但对于地震破碎的高山生态系统恢复过程中的这些模式却知之甚少。在本研究中，对位于中国西南部平武县的雪宝顶国家级自然保护区内沿2.6公里海拔梯度的四个位置的土壤性质、土壤酶活性、土壤细菌和真菌群落的丰度及多样性进行了研究。尽管土壤化学环境没有显著变化，但不同海拔的细菌和真菌群落存在显著差异。真菌群落总体呈现出随海拔升高呈N形的多样性模式，而细菌多样性则随海拔显著降低。微生物多样性的变化与土壤磷、植物凋落物以及优势微生物类群的变化有关。海拔间酶活性的差异受微生物群落调控，过氧化氢酶和酸性磷酸酶活性的变化分别主要受 和 细菌控制（过氧化氢酶： < 0.001；酸性磷酸酶： < 0.01），而β-葡萄糖苷酶、蔗糖酶和脲酶活性的变化主要受真菌控制。β-葡萄糖苷酶和蔗糖酶均与 呈正相关，脲酶与 呈正相关（ < 0.05）。这些发现有助于在环境条件变化的情况下对山地生态系统进行保护和管理。进一步的研究可以深入探究微生物群落、土壤性质和植被之间的具体相互作用，以更深入地了解地震多发山区生态系统内复杂的生态动态。
