Department of Clinical and Community Dentistry, Health Science Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil.
Internacional University of Catalunya, Catalunya, 08017 Barcelona, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Aug 28;20(17):6661. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20176661.
This study aimed to investigate the impact of dental caries and tooth loss on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in socioeconomically disadvantaged people. A population-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted in 28 cities at social risk in Northeast Brazil. All permanent residents aged 12, 15-19, 35-44, and 65-74 years were eligible, and 3063 were included. Participants answered a questionnaire on socioeconomic status, beliefs, and behaviors. Trained local dentists performed oral clinical examinations during home visits. Caries and tooth loss were evaluated using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index and OHRQoL was evaluated using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). Poisson regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between individual domains, OHIP-14 scores, dental caries, tooth loss, and socioeconomic/demographic characteristics. Mean DMFT (standard deviation) scores were 2.68 (4.01), 4.84 (4.30), 15.35 (7.26), and 26.72 (8.03) for groups aged 12, 15-19, 35-44, and 65-74 years, respectively. Most participants (70%) were partially edentulous and 13% were completely edentulous. Caries and tooth loss significantly increased with age and impacted OHRQoL. Physical pain (5.8%) and psychological discomfort (5.8%) were the most commonly reported on the OHIP-14. Untreated caries (prevalence ratio (PR), 1.54; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.37-1.72) and edentulism (PR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.08-1.53) had a significant negative impact on OHRQoL. Income, level of education, sex, age, and oral hygiene habits were also related to OHRQoL. There was a high prevalence of dental caries and edentulism in all age groups except 12-year-olds. OHRQoL was negatively impacted by these oral conditions across the lifespan, with a trend towards more negative scores and higher impact in older adults.
本研究旨在探讨在社会经济弱势群体中，龋齿和失牙对口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL）的影响。这是一项在巴西东北部 28 个社会风险城市进行的基于人群的横断面调查。所有符合条件的常住居民年龄在 12、15-19、35-44 和 65-74 岁之间，共纳入 3063 人。参与者回答了一份关于社会经济地位、信念和行为的问卷。经过培训的当地牙医在家庭访问期间进行口腔临床检查。使用龋失补（DMFT）指数评估龋齿和失牙情况，使用口腔健康影响简表-14（OHIP-14）评估 OHRQoL。采用泊松回归分析评估个体领域、OHIP-14 评分、龋齿、失牙与社会经济/人口统计学特征之间的关系。12、15-19、35-44 和 65-74 岁组的平均 DMFT（标准差）评分分别为 2.68（4.01）、4.84（4.30）、15.35（7.26）和 26.72（8.03）。大多数参与者（70%）有部分失牙，13%完全失牙。龋齿和失牙随年龄增长而显著增加，并影响 OHRQoL。OHIP-14 中最常见的报告是身体疼痛（5.8%）和心理不适（5.8%）。未经治疗的龋齿（患病率比（PR），1.54；95%置信区间（CI），1.37-1.72）和失牙（PR，1.29；95%CI，1.08-1.53）对 OHRQoL 有显著的负面影响。收入、教育水平、性别、年龄和口腔卫生习惯也与 OHRQoL 相关。除 12 岁组外，所有年龄组的龋齿和失牙患病率均较高。这些口腔状况在整个生命周期中都对 OHRQoL 产生负面影响，随着年龄的增长，负面评分和影响呈上升趋势。
