Sun Changjiu, Jiang Yuanzhi, Zhang Li, Wei Keyu, Yuan Mingjian
Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China.
ACS Nano. 2023 Sep 26;17(18):17600-17609. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05609. Epub 2023 Sep 8.
Lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (LHP NCs) have rapidly emerged as one of the most promising materials for optical sources, photovoltaics, and sensor fields. The controlled synthesis of LHP NCs with high monodispersity and precise size tunability has been a subject of intensive research in recent years. However, due to their ionic nature, LHP NCs are usually formed instantaneously, and the corresponding nucleation and growth are difficult to monitor and regulated. In this Perspective, we summarize the representative attempts to achieve controlled synthesis of LHP NCs. We first highlight the burst nucleation and rapid growth characteristics of conventional synthesis methods. Afterward, we introduce the scheme of changing the LHP NCs into kinetically dominant, continuously size-tunable synthesis via nucleation-growth decoupling. We also summarize methods to eliminate undesired ripening effects and achieve homogeneous size distribution through rational ligand selection and solvent engineering. We hope this Perspective will facilitate the development of controlled LHP NCs synthesis protocols and advance the understanding of crystal growth fundamentals of perovskite materials.
卤化铅钙钛矿纳米晶体（LHP NCs）已迅速成为光源、光伏和传感器领域最具前景的材料之一。近年来，可控合成具有高单分散性和精确尺寸可调性的LHP NCs一直是深入研究的课题。然而，由于其离子性质，LHP NCs通常瞬间形成，相应的成核和生长难以监测和调控。在这篇综述中，我们总结了实现LHP NCs可控合成的代表性尝试。我们首先强调传统合成方法的爆发式成核和快速生长特性。之后，我们介绍通过成核-生长解耦将LHP NCs转变为动力学主导、尺寸连续可调合成的方案。我们还总结了通过合理选择配体和溶剂工程消除不期望的熟化效应并实现均匀尺寸分布的方法。我们希望这篇综述将促进可控LHP NCs合成方案的发展，并加深对钙钛矿材料晶体生长基本原理的理解。
