Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Trends Parasitol. 2023 Nov;39(11):929-935. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2023.08.006. Epub 2023 Sep 6.
Recent data suggest that approaches to developing a subunit blood-stage malaria vaccine may be misdirected. While antigenic polymorphism is recognized as a challenge, efforts to counter this have primarily involved enhancing the quantity and quality of antibody with potent adjuvants, identifying conserved target proteins, or combining multiple antigens to broaden the immune response. However, paradoxically, evidence has emerged that narrowing, rather than broadening, the immune response may be required to obtain an immune response protective against multiple Plasmodium strains. Non-immunodominant, conserved epitopes are crucial. The evidence comes from studying the immune response to red cell surface-expressed antigens but should also be applicable to merozoite surface antigens. Strategies to define the targets of these highly focused immune responses are provided.
最近的数据表明，开发亚单位血阶段疟疾疫苗的方法可能是错误的。虽然抗原多态性被认为是一个挑战，但为了应对这一挑战，人们主要致力于通过使用有效的佐剂来提高抗体的数量和质量，鉴定保守的靶蛋白，或结合多种抗原来扩大免疫反应。然而，矛盾的是，有证据表明，为了获得针对多种疟原虫株的免疫反应，缩小而不是扩大免疫反应可能是必要的。非免疫显性、保守表位至关重要。这一证据来自于对红细胞表面表达抗原的免疫反应的研究，但也应该适用于裂殖子表面抗原。提供了用于定义这些高度集中的免疫反应的目标的策略。
