一项针对老年血液透析患者的定制化饮食教育计划的效果：一项初步研究。
The Effects of a Tailored Dietary Education Program for Older Adult Patients on Hemodialysis: A Preliminary Study.
作者信息
Park Gayoung, Choi Seunghye
机构信息
Yeokgok Medihols Medical Center, 567, Gyeongin-ro, Bucheon-si 14727, Republic of Korea.
College of Nursing, Gachon University, 191, Hambangmoe-ro, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea.
出版信息
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Aug 22;11(17):2371. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11172371.
This study aimed to investigate the overall effects of a tailored dietary education program for older adult patients on hemodialysis (HD) based on self-efficacy theory, dietary knowledge and habits, nutritional intake, and biochemical parameters. A nonequivalent control group pre-test-post-test design was conducted for 8 weeks. The experimental and control groups received a weekly nutritional program and standard nursing care with an additional educational session, respectively. A clinical survey was conducted before and after the intervention. After the intervention, self-efficacy, dietary knowledge, and dietary habits were higher in the experimental group than in the control group. Moreover, carbohydrate, phosphorus, and sodium intake significantly decreased post-intervention in the experimental group but not in the control group. The dietary education program for older HD patients showed positive effects on boosting their self-efficacy, increasing dietary knowledge, improving dietary habits, and decreasing carbohydrate, calcium, phosphorus, and sodium intake.
本研究旨在基于自我效能理论、饮食知识与习惯、营养摄入及生化参数，探讨针对老年血液透析（HD）患者的个性化饮食教育计划的总体效果。采用非等效对照组前后测设计，为期8周。实验组和对照组分别接受每周一次的营养计划和标准护理，并额外增加一次教育课程。在干预前后进行临床调查。干预后，实验组的自我效能、饮食知识和饮食习惯均高于对照组。此外，实验组干预后碳水化合物、磷和钠的摄入量显著下降，而对照组未出现此情况。针对老年HD患者的饮食教育计划在提高其自我效能、增加饮食知识、改善饮食习惯以及减少碳水化合物、钙、磷和钠的摄入量方面显示出积极效果。
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