Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
Provincial University Key Laboratory of Microbial Pathogenesis and Interventions, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Aug 29;24(17):13381. doi: 10.3390/ijms241713381.
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic multifaceted disease with multiple potential complications, the treatment of which can only delay and prolong the terminal stage of the disease, i.e., type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The World Health Organization predicts that diabetes will be the seventh leading cause of death by 2030. Although many antidiabetic medicines have been successfully developed in recent years, such as GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors, single-target drugs are gradually failing to meet the therapeutic requirements owing to the individual variability, diversity of pathogenesis, and organismal resistance. Therefore, there remains a need to investigate the pathogenesis of T2DM in more depth, identify multiple therapeutic targets, and provide improved glycemic control solutions. This review presents an overview of the mechanisms of action and the development of the latest therapeutic agents targeting T2DM in recent years. It also discusses emerging target-based therapies and new potential therapeutic targets that have emerged within the last three years. The aim of our review is to provide a theoretical basis for further advancement in targeted therapies for T2DM.
糖尿病是一种慢性多方面的疾病，有多种潜在的并发症，其治疗只能延缓和延长疾病的终末期，即 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）。世界卫生组织预测，到 2030 年，糖尿病将成为第七大死亡原因。尽管近年来成功开发了许多抗糖尿病药物，如 GLP-1 受体激动剂和 SGLT-2 抑制剂，但由于个体差异、发病机制多样性和机体耐药性，单一靶点药物逐渐无法满足治疗需求。因此，仍有必要更深入地研究 T2DM 的发病机制，确定多个治疗靶点，并提供改善血糖控制的解决方案。本综述介绍了近年来针对 T2DM 的最新治疗药物的作用机制和开发情况。还讨论了新兴的基于靶点的治疗方法和过去三年出现的新的潜在治疗靶点。我们的综述旨在为 T2DM 的靶向治疗的进一步发展提供理论基础。
