Kato-Noguchi Hisashi
Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki 761-0795, Kagawa, Japan.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Aug 26;12(17):3066. doi: 10.3390/plants12173066.
var. is native to East Asia, and was introduced to many countries due to its potential for multiple uses. This species escaped under the management conditions soon after its introduction, and became a harmful weed species. This species has been listed in the top 100 of the world's worst invasive alien species. stands expand quickly and threaten the native flora and fauna including microbiota. This species affects the concentration of carbon and nitrogen in soil and aquatic environments, and increases the amount of pollutants in the local atmosphere. Its infestation also causes serious economic losses on forestry and agriculture. Its characteristics of fast growth, thick canopy structure, enormous vegetative reproduction, and adaptative ability to the various environmental conditions may contribute to the invasiveness and naturalization of this species. The characteristics of regarding their defense functions against their natural enemies and pathogens, and allelopathy may also contribute to the invasiveness of this species. Potential allelochemicals such as xanthoxins, -coumaric acid, caffeic acid, methyl caffeate and daidzein, and two isoflavones with anti-virus activity were identified in this species. In addition, fewer herbivore insects were found in the introduced ranges. These characteristics of may be involved in the invasive mechanisms of the species. This is the first review article focusing on the invasive mechanisms of this species.
某变种原产于东亚，因其具有多种用途的潜力而被引入许多国家。该物种在引入后不久就在管理条件下逸出，并成为一种有害杂草物种。该物种已被列入世界最严重的100种外来入侵物种之中。其群落迅速扩张，威胁包括微生物群在内的本地动植物。该物种影响土壤和水生环境中碳和氮的浓度，并增加当地大气中的污染物含量。其侵扰还对林业和农业造成严重经济损失。其生长迅速、冠层结构厚实、营养繁殖能力强以及对各种环境条件的适应能力等特征可能促成了该物种的入侵性和归化。该物种在抵御天敌和病原体方面的防御功能以及化感作用等特征也可能促成了其入侵性。在该物种中鉴定出了潜在的化感物质，如花椒毒素、对香豆酸、咖啡酸、咖啡酸甲酯和大豆苷元，以及两种具有抗病毒活性的异黄酮。此外，在引入地区发现的食草昆虫较少。该物种的这些特征可能参与了其入侵机制。这是第一篇聚焦该物种入侵机制的综述文章。
