Toffolatti Silvia Laura, Davillerd Yann, D'Isita Ilaria, Facchinelli Chiara, Germinara Giacinto Salvatore, Ippolito Antonio, Khamis Youssef, Kowalska Jolanta, Maddalena Giuliana, Marchand Patrice, Marcianò Demetrio, Mihály Kata, Mincuzzi Annamaria, Mori Nicola, Piancatelli Simone, Sándor Erzsébet, Romanazzi Gianfranco
Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali (DiSAA), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
Institut de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation Biologiques (ITAB), 149 rue de BERCY, F-75012 Paris, France.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Sep 1;12(17):3152. doi: 10.3390/plants12173152.
Pathogens and pests constantly challenge food security and safety worldwide. The use of plant protection products to manage them raises concerns related to human health, the environment, and economic costs. Basic substances are active, non-toxic compounds that are not predominantly used as plant protection products but hold potential in crop protection. Basic substances' attention is rising due to their safety and cost-effectiveness. However, data on their protection levels in crop protection strategies are lacking. In this review, we critically analyzed the literature concerning the field application of known and potential basic substances for managing diseases and pests, investigating their efficacy and potential integration into plant protection programs. Case studies related to grapevine, potato, and fruit protection from pre- and post-harvest diseases and pests were considered. In specific cases, basic substances and chitosan in particular, could complement or even substitute plant protection products, either chemicals or biologicals, but their efficacy varied greatly according to various factors, including the origin of the substance, the crop, the pathogen or pest, and the timing and method of application. Therefore, a careful evaluation of the field application is needed to promote the successful use of basic substances in sustainable pest management strategies in specific contexts.
病原体和害虫不断挑战着全球的粮食安全与食品安全。使用植物保护产品来应对它们引发了与人类健康、环境及经济成本相关的担忧。基础物质是具有活性的无毒化合物，虽并非主要用作植物保护产品，但在作物保护方面具有潜力。由于其安全性和成本效益，基础物质正受到越来越多的关注。然而，关于它们在作物保护策略中的保护水平的数据却很缺乏。在本综述中，我们批判性地分析了有关已知和潜在基础物质在病虫害防治方面田间应用的文献，研究了它们的功效以及融入植物保护计划的潜力。我们考虑了与葡萄、马铃薯以及水果采前和采后病虫害防治相关的案例研究。在特定情况下，尤其是基础物质和壳聚糖，可以补充甚至替代化学或生物植物保护产品，但其功效会因多种因素而有很大差异，这些因素包括物质来源、作物、病原体或害虫以及施用时间和方法等。因此，需要对田间应用进行仔细评估，以促进基础物质在特定环境下的可持续害虫管理策略中成功应用。
