Halawani Riyadh F, Aloufi Fahed A
Department of Environment, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Aug 24;14:1221780. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1221780. eCollection 2023.
The current study aimed to address the response of soybean () plants to biofertilization and selenium supplementation treatments under galaxolide contamination of soil. In this regard, a pot experiment was carried out where the soybean plants were treated with the plant growth-promoting Actinobacteria ( sp.) as a biofertilizer (PGPB treatment) and/or selenium nanoparticles (Se treatment; 25 mg L) under two non-polluted and galaxolide-polluted soils (250 mg galaxolide per kg of soil) to assess the modifications in some plant physiological and biochemical traits. Although higher accumulation of oxidative biomarkers, including hydrogen peroxide (+180%), malondialdehyde (+163%), and protein oxidation (+125%), indicating oxidative stress in galaxolide-contaminated plants, an apparent decline in their contents was observed in response to biofertilization/supplementation treatments in contaminated soil, especially. It was mainly related to the higher detoxification of ROS in PGPB- and Se-treated plants under galaxolide-induced oxidative stress, in which the direct ROS-scavenging enzymes (+44 -179%), enzymatic (+34 - 293%) and non-enzymatic (+35 - 98%) components of the ascorbate-glutathione pathway, and antioxidant molecules (+38 - 370%) were more activated than in control plants. In addition, a higher accumulation of detoxification activity markers, including phytochelatins (+32%) and metallothioneins (+79%), were found in the combined treatments (PGPB+Se) under galaxolide contamination. Moreover, combined treatment with PGPB and Se ameliorated the levels of chlorophyll content (+58%), stomatal conductance (+57%), the maximum efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) (+36%), and photorespiratory metabolism (including +99% in glycolate oxidase and +54% in hydroxypyruvate reductase activity) in leaves under galaxolide contamination, which resulted in higher photosynthesis capacity (+36%) and biomass production (+74%) in galaxolide-stressed plants as compared to control group. In conclusion, the application of beneficial Actinobacteria and selenium nanoparticles as biofertilization/supplementation is expected to be useful for improving plant toleration and adaptation against galaxolide contamination.
本研究旨在探讨在土壤被佳乐麝香污染的情况下，大豆植株对生物肥料和补充硒处理的反应。在这方面，进行了一项盆栽试验，在两种未受污染和被佳乐麝香污染的土壤（每千克土壤含250毫克佳乐麝香）中，用促进植物生长的放线菌（ 种）作为生物肥料（PGPB处理）和/或硒纳米颗粒（硒处理；25毫克/升）处理大豆植株，以评估一些植物生理和生化特性的变化。尽管氧化生物标志物，包括过氧化氢（+180%）、丙二醛（+163%）和蛋白质氧化（+125%）的积累增加，表明受佳乐麝香污染的植物存在氧化应激，但在受污染土壤中，尤其是对生物肥料/补充处理的反应中，观察到它们的含量明显下降。这主要与在佳乐麝香诱导的氧化应激下，PGPB和硒处理的植物中活性氧的更高解毒作用有关，其中活性氧直接清除酶（+44 - 179%）、抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽途径的酶促（+34 - 293%）和非酶促（+35 - 98%）成分以及抗氧化分子（+38 - 370%）比对照植物更活跃。此外，在佳乐麝香污染下的联合处理（PGPB+硒）中发现解毒活性标志物，包括植物螯合肽（+32%）和金属硫蛋白（+79%）的积累更高。此外，PGPB和硒的联合处理改善了受佳乐麝香污染叶片中叶绿素含量（+58%）、气孔导度（+57%）、光系统II（PSII）的最大效率（+36%）和光呼吸代谢（包括乙醇酸氧化酶活性增加99%和羟基丙酮酸还原酶活性增加54%），这导致与对照组相比，受佳乐麝香胁迫的植物光合作用能力（+36%）和生物量产量（+74%）更高。总之，应用有益放线菌和硒纳米颗粒作为生物肥料/补充剂有望有助于提高植物对佳乐麝香污染的耐受性和适应性。
