Albqmi Mha, Selim Samy, Yaghoubi Khanghahi Mohammad, Crecchio Carmine, Al-Sanea Mohammad M, Alnusaire Taghreed S, Almuhayawi Mohammed S, Al Jaouni Soad K, Hussein Shaimaa, Warrad Mona, AbdElgawad Hamada
Chemistry Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 2014, Saudi Arabia.
Olive Research Center, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia.
ACS Omega. 2023 Aug 25;8(36):32458-32467. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02447. eCollection 2023 Sep 12.
The present study aimed to assess the potential of plant growth-promoting Actinobacteria and olive solid waste (OSW) in ameliorating some biochemical and molecular parameters of wheat () plants under the toxicity of high chromium levels in the soil. With this aim, a pot experiment was conducted, where the wheat plants were treated with a consortium of four sp. (Bf treatment) and/or OSW (4% w/w) under two levels of nonstress and chromium stress [400 mg Cr(VI) per kg of soil] to estimate the photosynthetic traits, antioxidant protection machine, and detoxification activity. Both Bf and OSW treatments improved the levels of chlorophyll a (+47-98%), carotenoid (+324-566%), stomatal conductance (+17-18%), chlorophyll fluorescence (+12-28%), and photorespiratory metabolism (including +44-72% in glycolate oxidase activity, +6-72% in hydroxypyruvate reductase activity, and +5-44% in a glycine to serine ratio) in leaves of stressed plants as compared to those in the stressed control, which resulted in higher photosynthesis capacity (+18-40%) in chromium-stressed plants. These results were associated with an enhancement in the content of antioxidant metabolites (+10-117%), of direct reactive oxygen species-detoxifying enzymes (+49-94%), and of enzymatic (+40-261%) and nonenzymatic (+17-175%) components of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle in Bf- and OSW-treated plants under stress. Moreover, increments in the content of phytochelatins (+38-74%) and metallothioneins (+29-41%), as markers of detoxification activity, were recorded in the plants treated with Bf and OSW under chromium toxicity. In conclusion, this study revealed that the application of beneficial Actinobacteria and OSW as biofertilization/supplementation could represent a worthwhile consequence in improving dry matter production and enhancing plant tolerance and adaptability to chromium toxicity.
本研究旨在评估促植物生长放线菌和橄榄固体废物（OSW）在改善土壤中高铬水平毒性下小麦（）植株某些生化和分子参数方面的潜力。为此，进行了一项盆栽试验，在非胁迫和铬胁迫[每千克土壤400毫克六价铬]两个水平下，用四种链霉菌属（Streptomyces sp.）的组合（Bf处理）和/或OSW（4% w/w）处理小麦植株，以评估光合特性、抗氧化保护机制和解毒活性。与胁迫对照相比，Bf和OSW处理均提高了胁迫植株叶片中叶绿素a（+47 - 98%）、类胡萝卜素（+324 - 566%）、气孔导度（+17 - 18%）、叶绿素荧光（+12 - 28%）和光呼吸代谢（包括乙醇酸氧化酶活性提高+44 - 72%、羟基丙酮酸还原酶活性提高+6 - 72%、甘氨酸与丝氨酸比率提高+5 - 44%）的水平，这使得铬胁迫植株的光合作用能力提高了（+18 - 40%）。这些结果与Bf和OSW处理的胁迫植株中抗氧化代谢物含量（+10 - 117%）、直接活性氧解毒酶含量（+49 - 94%）以及抗坏血酸 - 谷胱甘肽循环的酶促成分（+40 - 261%）和非酶促成分（+17 - 175%）的增加有关。此外，在铬毒性条件下用Bf和OSW处理的植株中，作为解毒活性标志物的植物螯合肽含量（+38 - 74%）和金属硫蛋白含量（+29 - 41%）有所增加。总之，本研究表明，应用有益放线菌和OSW作为生物肥料/补充剂在提高干物质产量以及增强植物对铬毒性的耐受性和适应性方面可能具有重要意义。
