Singh Jasraaj K, Menahem Samuel
Department of Medical Education, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
Transl Pediatr. 2023 Aug 30;12(8):1527-1539. doi: 10.21037/tp-23-42. Epub 2023 Aug 14.
Sleeping and crying are normal activities of infants. Infant crying and night wakings can be both distressing and exhausting for parents. At its worse it may be associated with an increased risk of maternal depression and psychosocial stress for both parents. Strategies for reducing crying and improving sleep include the five "S's"-swaddling, side/stomach position, sucking, swinging and shushing sounds simulating "womb-like" sensations. The "SNOO" Smart Sleeper (SNOO), a "smart" bassinet, incorporates 3 of the five "S's", swaddling, swinging (rocking) and emits soothing sounds while demonstrating safe infant sleep practices. This paper explores the effectiveness of the five "S's" and the SNOO.
References for the five "S's" were obtained from various sources while a scoping review of publications from PubMed, Embase and Web of Science was undertaken to seek out relevant studies to document the efficacy of the SNOO.
The five "S's" appear to help soothe infants, reduce their crying and improve their sleep. In addition, infant obesity rates fell. Infants also experienced less pain following immunisations. Of the 66 papers gleaned from the database in mid-2021 for the scoping review, only those which provided clear outcomes and conclusions, were complete and related to infants were included. That resulted in only 2 studies that fitted the criteria imposed. They suggested that the SNOO incorporating 3 of the five "S's" had similar beneficial effects.
The five "S's" were effective non-pharmacological strategies to help reduce crying and improve sleep in infants. Confounding factors included normal crying of infants, triggers of hunger or tiredness, or recognised causes of crying. The 2 studies reviewed suggested that the SNOO was helpful in reducing crying and improving the sleep duration of normal infants. Further studies have suggested it may be used therapeutically for distressed or ill infants.
睡眠和哭泣是婴儿的正常活动。婴儿哭闹和夜间醒来对父母来说既痛苦又疲惫。在最糟糕的情况下，它可能会增加母亲患抑郁症的风险，并给父母双方带来心理社会压力。减少哭闹和改善睡眠的策略包括五个“S”——襁褓包裹、侧卧/俯卧姿势、吸吮、摇晃和发出嘘声以模拟“子宫般”的感觉。“SNOO”智能婴儿床（SNOO）是一种“智能”摇篮，融合了五个“S”中的三个，即襁褓包裹、摇晃（摆动）并发出舒缓的声音，同时展示安全的婴儿睡眠做法。本文探讨了五个“S”和SNOO的有效性。
从各种来源获取了关于五个“S”的参考文献，同时对来自PubMed、Embase和科学网的出版物进行了范围综述，以寻找相关研究来记录SNOO的疗效。
五个“S”似乎有助于安抚婴儿、减少他们的哭闹并改善他们的睡眠。此外，婴儿肥胖率下降。婴儿在接种疫苗后也经历了较少的疼痛。在2021年年中从数据库中收集的66篇用于范围综述的论文中，只有那些提供了明确结果和结论、完整且与婴儿相关的论文被纳入。这导致只有2项研究符合所规定的标准。它们表明，融合了五个“S”中的三个的SNOO具有类似的有益效果。
五个“S”是有效的非药物策略，有助于减少婴儿哭闹并改善其睡眠。混杂因素包括婴儿的正常哭闹、饥饿或疲劳的诱因或公认的哭闹原因。所审查的2项研究表明，SNOO有助于减少正常婴儿的哭闹并延长睡眠时间。进一步的研究表明，它可能用于治疗烦躁或患病的婴儿。
