Yu Gao, Chen Fen, Zhang Xiao-Dong, Sun Yue-Bing
Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, China.
Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Safe-Product, Tianjin 300191, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2023 Aug 8;44(8):4416-4428. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202210106.
In order to understand the status of heavy metal pollution and the resulting ecological risk of farmland soil surrounding the manganese mining area, 174 soil samples were collected, and the heavy metals(Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Ni, Mn, As, and Hg) were analyzed. Principal component analysis (PCA) and the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model were used to determine the source of heavy metals in the soils. The single-factor pollution index method, geo-accumulation index method, potential ecological risk assessment method, and US EPA health risk assessment model were used to evaluate the ecological environment risk of heavy metals. The results showed that the average values of Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, Mn, and Hg exceeded the background value of Guizhou. 100% of Zn samples and 38.86% of Cu samples exceeded the risk screening value for agricultural land soil pollution. Source analysis revealed that the main sources of soil heavy metals were mining emission, mixed agricultural activity and transportation, nature, and agricultural activities. The risk evaluation showed that Ni, Cr, Pb, and As belonged to the clean level, Hg and Cu were in a light pollution stage, Zn fell into the category of moderate contamination, and Mn reached the heavy pollution level. Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Ni, Mn, As, and Cd posed low potential ecological risk, while Hg caused a considerable potential ecological risk. In total, the integrated potential ecological risk of heavy metals was ranked "strong", eight types of heavy metals had carcinogenic risks and non-carcinogenic risks for children aged 0-5 years, and the main contributing factors were Cr and Mn, respectively.
为了解锰矿区周边农田土壤重金属污染状况及由此产生的生态风险，采集了174个土壤样本，并对重金属（铜、锌、铅、铬、镍、锰、砷和汞）进行了分析。采用主成分分析（PCA）和正定矩阵因子分解（PMF）模型确定土壤中重金属的来源。运用单因子污染指数法、地累积指数法、潜在生态风险评价法和美国环保署健康风险评价模型对重金属的生态环境风险进行评估。结果表明，铜、锌、铬、镍、锰和汞的平均值超过了贵州的背景值。100%的锌样本和38.86%的铜样本超过了农用地土壤污染风险筛选值。源分析表明，土壤重金属的主要来源是采矿排放、混合农业活动与交通、自然因素以及农业活动。风险评价表明，镍、铬、铅和砷属于清洁水平，汞和铜处于轻度污染阶段，锌属于中度污染类别，锰达到重度污染水平。铜、锌、铅、铬、镍、锰、砷和镉的潜在生态风险较低，而汞造成了相当大的潜在生态风险。总体而言，重金属的综合潜在生态风险等级为“强”，8种重金属对0至5岁儿童存在致癌风险和非致癌风险，主要贡献因素分别为铬和锰。
