IGH, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France.
Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, F-75013 Paris, France.
DNA Repair (Amst). 2023 Oct;130:103565. doi: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2023.103565. Epub 2023 Sep 4.
The nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), one of the hallmarks of eukaryotic nuclei, allow selective transport of macromolecules between the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Besides this canonical function, an increasing number of additional roles have been attributed to the NPCs and their constituents, the nucleoporins. Here we review recent insights into the mechanisms by which NPCs and nucleoporins affect transcription and DNA repair in metazoans. In the first part, we discuss how gene expression can be affected by the localization of genome-nucleoporin interactions at pores or "off-pores", by the role of nucleoporins in chromatin organization at different scales, or by the physical properties of nucleoporins. In the second part, we review the contribution of NPCs to genome stability, including transport-dependent and -independent functions and the role of positioning at NPCs in the repair of heterochromatic breaks and the regulation of replication stress.
核孔复合物（NPCs）是真核细胞核的特征之一，允许大分子在细胞质和细胞核之间进行选择性运输。除了这种典型的功能外，NPCs 及其成分核孔蛋白的越来越多的其他功能也被归因于 NPCs 及其成分核孔蛋白。在这里，我们回顾了 NPCs 和核孔蛋白如何影响后生动物转录和 DNA 修复的最新机制。在第一部分中，我们讨论了基因表达如何受到基因组-核孔蛋白相互作用在核孔或“核孔外”的定位、核孔蛋白在不同尺度上的染色质组织中的作用或核孔蛋白的物理性质的影响。在第二部分，我们回顾了 NPCs 对基因组稳定性的贡献，包括依赖于运输和不依赖于运输的功能，以及 NPCs 在修复异染色质断裂和调节复制压力中的定位的作用。
