Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, Spain.
FEBS J. 2024 Jun;291(12):2485-2518. doi: 10.1111/febs.16955. Epub 2023 Sep 20.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most life-threatening neoplasias in terms of incidence and mortality worldwide. Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with an increased risk of CRC. 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)D], the most active vitamin D metabolite, is a pleiotropic hormone that, through its binding to a transcription factor of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is a major regulator of the human genome. 1,25(OH)D acts on colon carcinoma and stromal cells and displays tumor protective actions. Here, we review the variety of molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of 1,25(OH)D in CRC, which affect multiple processes that are dysregulated during tumor initiation and progression. Additionally, we discuss the epidemiological data that associate vitamin D deficiency and CRC, and the most relevant randomized controlled trials of vitamin D supplementation conducted in both healthy individuals and CRC patients.
结直肠癌（CRC）是全球范围内发病率和死亡率最高的威胁生命的肿瘤之一。维生素 D 缺乏与 CRC 的风险增加有关。1α,25-二羟维生素 D [1,25(OH)D]，是最具活性的维生素 D 代谢物，是一种具有多种功能的激素，通过与核受体超家族的转录因子结合，成为人类基因组的主要调节剂。1,25(OH)D 作用于结肠癌细胞和基质细胞，具有肿瘤保护作用。在这里，我们综述了 1,25(OH)D 在 CRC 中作用的多种分子机制，这些机制影响肿瘤发生和进展过程中失调的多个过程。此外，我们还讨论了与维生素 D 缺乏和 CRC 相关的流行病学数据，以及在健康个体和 CRC 患者中进行的维生素 D 补充的最相关的随机对照试验。
