Zhang Tong-Liang, Yi Li-Xia, Li Chang-Cheng, Yuan Shou-Shu, Dou Yi-Xuan, Tian Sheng-Yan, Lin Kui-Xuan
Tianjin Marine Environmental Protection and Restoration Technology Engineering Center, Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Chemistry and Food Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2023 Sep 8;44(9):4896-4905. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202209060.
To understand the heavy metal pollution status of Dongjiang Lake, the contents and species of heavy metals in the surface sediments were investigated during September 2021, and the heavy metal pollution level and potential ecological risk were evaluated. The results showed that Cd, Pb, As, Cu, Zn, Ni, and Cr contents were in the range of 0.40-34.1, 14.8-1688, 6.99-1155, 6.89-280, 26.2-1739, 6.29-55.4, and 23.3-44.8 mg·kg, respectively, with extremely uneven spatial distributions. The highest contents of Cd, Pb, As, Zn, Cu, and Ni were found in the site adjacent to Yaogangxian tungsten ore. The proportion of metal species with bioavailability was high, in which Cd in acid-soluble species was 46.7%-71.5% and Pb in reducible species was 46.8%-67.0%. The bioavailable species of Cu, Zn, Ni, and Cr were 35%-68%, 42%-72%, 26%-51%, and 6%-30%, respectively, although they primarily existed in residual species. According to the geo-accumulation index (), there was a moderate or extreme pollution status of Cd in all sites, moderate or extreme pollution status of Pb in 90% of sites, and moderate pollution status of As, Cu, and Zn in 30% of sites. The ecological risk factor () of Cd showed high potential ecological risk in all sites with significantly high potential ecological risk in 80% of sites. Moreover, As and Pb had significantly high potential ecological risk, and Cu had moderate potential ecological risk in S7, which was adjacent to Yaogangxian tungsten ore. There was a high total potential ecological risk in all sites and significantly high potential ecological risk in 50% of sites. Therefore, the surface sediments of Dongjiang Lake were under the combined pollution of Cd, Pb, As, Zn, and Cu with high bioavailability and high total potential ecological risk.
为了解东江水库的重金属污染状况，于2021年9月对其表层沉积物中的重金属含量及形态进行了调查，并对重金属污染程度和潜在生态风险进行了评价。结果表明，Cd、Pb、As、Cu、Zn、Ni和Cr的含量分别在0.4034.1、14.81688、6.991155、6.89280、26.21739、6.2955.4和23.344.8 mg·kg之间，空间分布极不均匀。Cd、Pb, As、Zn、Cu和Ni的最高含量出现在瑶岗仙钨矿附近的点位。生物可利用态金属形态比例较高，其中酸溶态Cd占46.7%71.5%，可还原态Pb占46.8%67.0%。Cu、Zn、Ni和Cr的生物可利用态比例分别为35%68%、42%72%、26%51%和6%~30%，尽管它们主要以残渣态存在。根据地累积指数（Igeo），所有点位Cd均处于中度或重度污染状态，90%的点位Pb处于中度或重度污染状态，30%的点位As、Cu和Zn处于中度污染状态。Cd的生态风险因子（RI）在所有点位均显示出高潜在生态风险，80%的点位具有显著高潜在生态风险。此外，As和Pb具有显著高潜在生态风险，与瑶岗仙钨矿相邻的S7点位Cu具有中度潜在生态风险。所有点位总潜在生态风险较高，50%的点位具有显著高潜在生态风险。因此，东江水库表层沉积物受到Cd、Pb、As、Zn和Cu的复合污染，生物可利用性高，总潜在生态风险高。
