Fu Min, Guo Wenxing, Ren Zhiyuan, Zhang Haixia, Wu Wen, Sun Yu, Pan Ziyun, Ji Fengying, Zhang Wanqi
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, China; Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine, Qingdao, China.
Nutr Res. 2023 Oct;118:146-153. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.08.005. Epub 2023 Aug 18.
Iodine is an essential trace element for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, which play an important role in growth and development, metabolism, and body organ function. There is no iodine-specific food frequency questionnaire (I-FFQ) for pregnant women in China. This study aimed to validate and optimize an I-FFQ. A total of 1802 pregnant women were included in this study. The iodine nutrition survey was performed using I-FFQ and 3-day estimated food diary (3DEFD). Seventy-one women of reproductive age repeated the I-FFQ twice to assess for FFQ reproducibility. Further optimization of the I-FFQ was accomplished by integrating iodine contributions to simplified questionnaire items. Correlation and Bland-Altman analyses were used to verify the consistency of I-FFQ with 3DEFD, as well as the stability and feasibility of I-FFQ optimization. The I-FFQ and 3DEFD had a strong correlation (R = 0.76, P < .001) and agreement (Kappa = 0.731, P < .001). A Bland-Altman plot showed that 5.1% of participants exceeded the limit of agreement. Nonpregnant women of reproductive age completed the I-FFQ twice, and the results had a strong correlation (R = 0.72, P < .001). A Bland-Altman analysis showed that 5.6% of individuals were located outside the limit of agreement. The consistency of I-FFQ before and after optimization was good (Kappa = 0.982, P < .001). Therefore, I-FFQ could be used as a valid tool to estimate iodine intake among Chinese pregnant women. The optimized I-FFQ could shorten survey time without affecting its accuracy.
碘是合成甲状腺激素所必需的微量元素，甲状腺激素在生长发育、新陈代谢及身体器官功能方面发挥着重要作用。在中国，尚无专门针对孕妇的碘特定食物频率问卷（I-FFQ）。本研究旨在验证并优化一份I-FFQ。本研究共纳入1802名孕妇。采用I-FFQ和3日估计食物日记（3DEFD）进行碘营养调查。71名育龄女性重复填写I-FFQ两次，以评估该食物频率问卷的可重复性。通过将碘摄入量纳入简化的问卷项目，对I-FFQ进行了进一步优化。采用相关性分析和Bland-Altman分析来验证I-FFQ与3DEFD的一致性，以及I-FFQ优化后的稳定性和可行性。I-FFQ与3DEFD具有强相关性（R = 0.76，P <.001）和一致性（Kappa = 0.731，P <.001）。Bland-Altman图显示，5.1%的参与者超出了一致性界限。育龄非孕妇女性两次完成I-FFQ，结果具有强相关性（R = 0.72，P <.001）。Bland-Altman分析显示，5.6%的个体位于一致性界限之外。优化前后I-FFQ的一致性良好（Kappa = 0.982，P <.001）。因此，I-FFQ可作为评估中国孕妇碘摄入量的有效工具。优化后的I-FFQ可缩短调查时间，且不影响其准确性。
