Tang Yiwei, Jing Longjun, Liu Yang, Wang Huilin
School of Physical Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China.
School of Business, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China.
Front Psychol. 2023 Aug 29;14:1232929. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1232929. eCollection 2023.
It is a well-documented psychological phenomenon for athletes to experience abnormal performance on the field, often called choking. Negative emotions such as perceived stress and state-trait anxiety have been linked to this phenomenon. In an effort to delve into the intricate relationship between mindfulness and state-trait anxiety among athletes susceptible to choking, this study was conducted in Central China during the period from October to November 2022.
The sample selection process employed a combination of cluster sampling and random sampling, resulting in a total of 377 viable samples encompassing choking-susceptible athletes who frequently grapple with state-trait anxiety and demonstrate performance deviations. The data analysis was executed utilizing AMOS v.26.
The results indicate a negative association between mindfulness and perceived stress (standardized coefficient = -0.224, < 0.001), resilience and perceived stress (standardized coefficient = -0.237, < 0.001), as well as perceived stress and state-trait anxiety (standardized coefficient = 0.510, < 0.001). The positive impact of mindfulness on state-trait anxiety is mediated by resilience and perceived stress (standardized indirect effect = 0.237, < 0.001). The explanatory power of this study is = 0.35.
Drawing from these substantial findings, a key recommendation is to implement mindfulness training programs for athletes prone to choking. This proactive measure, facilitated by sports departments, clubs, and coaches, could potentially alleviate state-trait anxiety, enhancing athletes' mental well-being and optimizing their performance outcomes during competitions.
运动员在赛场上表现失常是一种有充分文献记载的心理现象，通常称为“发挥失常”。诸如感知压力和状态-特质焦虑等负面情绪与这一现象有关。为了深入研究易发挥失常的运动员正念与状态-特质焦虑之间的复杂关系，本研究于2022年10月至11月在中国中部地区进行。
样本选取过程采用整群抽样和随机抽样相结合的方法，共获得377个有效样本，这些样本涵盖了经常受状态-特质焦虑困扰且表现出现偏差的易发挥失常的运动员。数据分析使用AMOS v.26软件进行。
结果表明，正念与感知压力之间呈负相关（标准化系数=-0.224，P<0.001），心理韧性与感知压力之间呈负相关（标准化系数=-0.237，P<0.001），以及感知压力与状态-特质焦虑之间呈正相关（标准化系数=0.510，P<0.001）。正念对状态-特质焦虑的积极影响通过心理韧性和感知压力介导（标准化间接效应=0.237，P<0.001）。本研究的解释力为R²=0.35。
基于这些重要发现，一项关键建议是为易发挥失常的运动员实施正念训练计划。这一积极措施由体育部门、俱乐部和教练推动，可能会减轻状态-特质焦虑，提高运动员的心理健康水平，并优化他们在比赛中的表现结果。
