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自闭症中的思维转变:呼吁研究、临床和教育领域的专业人士关注

Mindshift in autism: a call to professionals in research, clinical, and educational settings.

作者信息

McVey Alana J, Jones Desiree R, Waisman T C, Raymaker Dora M, Nicolaidis Christina, Maddox Brenna B

机构信息

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.

Seattle Children's Autism Center, Seattle, WA, United States.

出版信息

Front Psychiatry. 2023 Aug 31;14:1251058. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1251058. eCollection 2023.

Abstract

Autistic people often have poor outcomes over the life course, including in health, education, employment, and community inclusion. Many professionals working with Autistic adults in research, clinical, and educational settings devote their careers to trying to improve such outcomes. However, we maintain that real progress cannot happen without a fundamental mindshift. The status quo for professionals is to view autism as an illness. Instead, the neurodiversity movement encourages us to value and embrace autism as an aspect of human diversity and asks us to view Autistic people as a marginalized group that experiences significant disparities. While some professionals may be adopting language and concepts from the neurodiversity movement, we argue that making this mindshift fundamentally changes our practice across research, clinical, and educational settings. In this perspective, we call on professionals to embrace this mindshift to reduce discrimination and stigma, halt the spread of harmful ideologies, and help Autistic adults live fulfilling lives.

摘要

自闭症患者在其一生中往往会有不佳的结果,包括在健康、教育、就业和融入社区等方面。许多在研究、临床和教育环境中与成年自闭症患者打交道的专业人员将他们的职业生涯致力于努力改善这些结果。然而,我们认为,如果没有根本性的观念转变,就不可能取得真正的进展。专业人员目前的现状是将自闭症视为一种疾病。相反,神经多样性运动鼓励我们重视并接纳自闭症作为人类多样性的一个方面,并要求我们将自闭症患者视为经历重大差异的边缘化群体。虽然一些专业人员可能正在采用神经多样性运动中的语言和概念,但我们认为,实现这种观念转变将从根本上改变我们在研究、临床和教育环境中的实践。从这个角度出发,我们呼吁专业人员接受这种观念转变,以减少歧视和污名,阻止有害意识形态的传播,并帮助成年自闭症患者过上充实的生活。

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本文引用的文献

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An Expert Discussion on Strengths-Based Approaches in Autism.关于自闭症中基于优势方法的专家讨论
Autism Adulthood. 2019 Jun 1;1(2):82-89. doi: 10.1089/aut.2019.29002.aju. Epub 2019 Apr 13.
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Autism Adulthood. 2021 Mar 1;3(1):5-10. doi: 10.1089/aut.2020.29014.njw. Epub 2021 Mar 18.
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Avoiding Ableist Language: Suggestions for Autism Researchers.避免使用歧视性语言:给自闭症研究者的建议。
Autism Adulthood. 2021 Mar 1;3(1):18-29. doi: 10.1089/aut.2020.0014. Epub 2021 Mar 18.

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