Domingues Eva, Lincho João, Fernandes Maria J, Gomes João, Martins Rui C
CIEPQPF-Chemical Engineering Processes and Forest Products Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, Polo II, 3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2025 Apr;32(16):10519-10529. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-29677-1. Epub 2023 Sep 18.
Untreated swine wastewater (SW) discharge leads to serious consequences such as water quality decreasing related to eutrophication and proliferation of harmful algae containing cyanotoxins, which can cause acute intoxication in humans. The use of untreated pig farming effluent as fertilizer can lead to the accumulation of polluting compounds. Biological treatments can degrade organic matter but have the disadvantage of requiring large areas and high retention times and demonstrating low efficiencies in the degradation of refractory compounds such as pharmaceutical compounds. In this ambit, the performance of four low-cost materials was evaluated for treatment of a swine wastewater using physical-chemical processes such as adsorption and Fenton's process. The tested materials are two natural resources, red volcanic rock from Canary (RVR) Islands and black volcanic rock (BVR) from Azores, and two industry residues, red mud (RM) and iron filings (IF). Among the tested materials, only IFs are catalytically active for Fenton's peroxidation. Still, RVR, BVR, and RM were efficient adsorbents removing up to 67% of COD. The combination between adsorption followed by Fenton's process using IF as catalyst showed interesting results. When RM is applied as adsorbent in the diluted effluent, it was able to remove 67% and 90% of COD for adsorption and adsorption followed by IF Fenton, respectively. At those conditions, the resultant treated effluent accomplishes the requirements for direct discharge in the natural water courses as well as the parameters for water reusing.
未经处理的猪废水排放会导致严重后果，如因富营养化和含有氰毒素的有害藻类繁殖而导致水质下降，这可能会导致人类急性中毒。将未经处理的养猪场废水用作肥料会导致污染化合物的积累。生物处理可以降解有机物，但缺点是需要大面积和较长的保留时间，并且在降解难降解化合物（如药物化合物）方面效率较低。在这种情况下，评估了四种低成本材料在使用吸附和芬顿法等物理化学过程处理猪废水方面的性能。测试的材料是两种自然资源，加那利群岛的红色火山岩（RVR）和亚速尔群岛的黑色火山岩（BVR），以及两种工业废渣，赤泥（RM）和铁屑（IF）。在测试的材料中，只有铁屑对芬顿过氧化反应具有催化活性。不过，RVR、BVR和RM是高效吸附剂，可去除高达67%的化学需氧量（COD）。以铁屑为催化剂，先吸附后进行芬顿法的组合显示出有趣的结果。当将赤泥用作稀释废水的吸附剂时，它分别能够通过吸附和铁屑芬顿法吸附去除67%和90%的COD。在这些条件下，最终处理后的废水符合直接排放到天然水道的要求以及水再利用的参数。
