Newlife R&D Center, Beijing, China.
Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Curr Stem Cell Res Ther. 2024;19(6):894-905. doi: 10.2174/1574888X18666230811093101.
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have exhibited potential for treating multiple inflammation- related diseases (IRDs) due to their easy acquisition, unique immunomodulatory and tissue repair properties, and immune-privileged characteristics. It is worth mentioning that MSCs release a wide array of soluble bioactive components in the secretome that modulate host innate and adaptive immune responses and promote the resolution of inflammation. As the first line of defense, macrophages exist throughout the entire inflammation process. They continuously switch their molecular phenotypes accompanied by complementary functional regulation ranging from classically activated pro-inflammatory M1-type (M1) to alternatively activated anti-inflammatory M2-type macrophages (M2). Recent studies have shown that the active intercommunication between MSCs and macrophages is indispensable for the immunomodulatory and regenerative behavior of MSCs in pharmacological cell therapy products. In this review, we systematically summarized the emerging capacities and detailed the molecular mechanisms of the MSC-derived secretome (MSC-SE) in immunomodulating macrophage polarization and preventing excessive inflammation, providing novel insights into the clinical applications of MSC-based therapy in IRD management.
间充质干细胞（MSCs）由于其易于获取、独特的免疫调节和组织修复特性以及免疫特权特征，在治疗多种炎症相关疾病（IRDs）方面显示出了潜力。值得一提的是，MSCs 在其分泌组中释放出广泛的可溶性生物活性成分，调节宿主固有和适应性免疫反应，并促进炎症的消退。巨噬细胞作为第一道防线，存在于整个炎症过程中。它们不断切换其分子表型，同时伴随着互补的功能调节，从经典激活的促炎 M1 型（M1）到替代性激活的抗炎 M2 型巨噬细胞（M2）。最近的研究表明，MSCs 和巨噬细胞之间的主动相互交流对于 MSC 在药理学细胞治疗产品中的免疫调节和再生行为是必不可少的。在这篇综述中，我们系统地总结了 MSC 衍生的分泌组（MSC-SE）在调节巨噬细胞极化和防止过度炎症方面的新兴能力，并详细阐述了其分子机制，为基于 MSC 的治疗在 IRD 管理中的临床应用提供了新的见解。
