Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
J Clin Periodontol. 2023 Dec;50(12):1633-1643. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.13876. Epub 2023 Sep 19.
This study aimed to investigate the relationship and potential causal effect of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) on periodontal disease (PD). Despite prior research on this, there has been no definitive conclusion. Therefore, this study aimed to provide additional insight into these associations.
This study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014 to examine the association between VAT and PD in a cross-sectional study design. Various analytical methods were employed, such as multivariable logistic regression, restricted cubic spline analysis, and p-value for trend. Additionally, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to evaluate the potential causal effect of VAT on PD risk. These methods enabled us to evaluate the association between VAT and PD and to establish whether VAT could be a causal factor in PD development.
The study examined a sample of 3535 participants, and the findings suggested that higher VAT levels were associated with an increased risk of PD. In addition, multivariable regression analysis conducted in six models revealed a statistically significant association between VAT and PD risk. Restricted cubic spline analysis showed an inverted U-shaped association between VAT and PD, with a turning point at 733 g of VAT. Finally, a two-sample MR analysis provided evidence for a potential causal relationship between VAT and PD risk, with an odds ratio of 1.16 (95% confidence interval: 1.02-1.33, p = .027) per kg increase in genetically predicted VAT.
The results of this study suggest that there is a significant association between VAT and PD and that VAT could be a potential causal factor in PD risk. Our results also suggest that although there is a potential link between VAT levels and PD risk, the effect size is modest. Therefore, interventions designed to reduce VAT levels should not be considered a primary strategy for PD risk reduction but could be one of many strategies used in a comprehensive approach to PD risk management.
本研究旨在探讨内脏脂肪组织（VAT）与牙周病（PD）之间的关系及其潜在的因果效应。尽管之前已经有相关研究，但尚未得出明确的结论。因此，本研究旨在提供更多相关信息。
本研究使用了 2011-2014 年全国健康和营养调查的数据，采用横断面研究设计，研究了 VAT 与 PD 之间的关系。采用了多种分析方法，如多变量逻辑回归、限制性立方样条分析和趋势 p 值。此外，还进行了两样本 Mendelian 随机化（MR）分析，以评估 VAT 对 PD 风险的潜在因果效应。这些方法使我们能够评估 VAT 与 PD 之间的关联，并确定 VAT 是否可能是 PD 发展的一个因果因素。
本研究共纳入了 3535 名参与者，结果表明，较高的 VAT 水平与 PD 风险增加相关。此外，在六个模型中的多变量回归分析显示，VAT 与 PD 风险之间存在统计学显著关联。限制性立方样条分析显示，VAT 与 PD 之间呈倒 U 形关联，VAT 为 733g 时出现拐点。最后，两样本 MR 分析提供了 VAT 与 PD 风险之间潜在因果关系的证据，每增加 1 公斤遗传预测的 VAT，风险比为 1.16（95%置信区间：1.02-1.33，p=0.027）。
本研究结果表明，VAT 与 PD 之间存在显著关联，并且 VAT 可能是 PD 风险的潜在因果因素。我们的结果还表明，尽管 VAT 水平与 PD 风险之间存在潜在联系，但影响大小适中。因此，降低 VAT 水平的干预措施不应被视为降低 PD 风险的主要策略，但可以作为 PD 风险管理综合方法中的一种策略。
