Gierz Łukasz, Markowski Piotr, Choszcz Dariusz Jan, Wojcieszak Dawid
Institute of Machine Design, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Technology, Ul. Piotrowo 3, 60-965, Poznan, Poland.
Department of Heavy Duty Machines and Research Methodology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 11, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2023 Sep 19;13(1):15471. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-42476-5.
This paper presents an innovative solution for a distributor head equipped with a deflector (controlled plate)-intended to change the tilt angle (realignment) of the pneumatic seed drill distributor head cover. We compared two qualitative parameters of seed sowing, coefficient of variation and coefficient of lateral unevenness of seed sowing (δ). Values were obtained on the test stand with an innovative deflector built into the distributor head at three angles of inclination (0°, 5° and 10°). Statistical analyses revealed a significant effect of airflow velocity and deflector angle, which corrects the deviation from the vertical plane of the distributor head, on the uniformity of seed sowing. In addition, regression equations were determined to predict the quality of the seed sowing process. The developed and manufactured innovative distributor head with a deflector that tilts in two planes, designed to improve the distribution evenness of the air stream transporting seed to individual coulters in pneumatic seed drills, received a positive review. The use of a deflector with automatic control of its position angle, correcting the deviation of the distributor head from a vertical plane in pneumatic seed drills improves the uniformity of seeding. Therefore, it is reasonable to use this solution for new pneumatic seed drills and those in use on soils with different relief (undulating surface). Moreover, the solution fits in with modern agricultural manufacturing in accordance with the ideas of precision agriculture.
本文提出了一种针对配备导流板（控制板）的分配头的创新解决方案，该导流板旨在改变气力式播种机分配头盖的倾斜角度（重新对齐）。我们比较了播种的两个定性参数，即变异系数和播种横向不均匀系数（δ）。在试验台上，通过在分配头中内置创新型导流板，在三个倾斜角度（0°、5°和10°）下获得了相关数值。统计分析表明，气流速度和导流板角度对播种均匀性有显著影响，导流板角度可校正分配头与垂直平面的偏差。此外，还确定了回归方程以预测播种过程的质量。所开发和制造的带有可在两个平面倾斜的导流板的创新型分配头，旨在提高将种子输送到气力式播种机各个开沟器的气流分配均匀性，获得了积极评价。在气力式播种机中使用可自动控制其位置角度的导流板，校正分配头与垂直平面的偏差，可提高播种均匀性。因此，将该解决方案应用于新型气力式播种机以及在不同地形（起伏表面）土壤上使用的现有播种机是合理的。此外，该解决方案符合精准农业理念，与现代农业制造相契合。
