Yi Chenqi, Qu Shuyuan, Wang Yaoyu, Qi Haoning, Zhang Yufeng, Cheng Gary J
Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
Sci Adv. 2023 Sep 22;9(38):eadg0300. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adg0300. Epub 2023 Sep 20.
Femtosecond laser-based technique called two-photon polymerization (TPP) has emerged as a powerful tool for nanofabrication and integrating nanomaterials. However, challenges persist in existing three-dimensional (3D) nanoprinting methods, such as slow layer-by-layer printing and limited material options due to laser-matter interactions. Here, we present an approach to 3D nanoprinting called free-space nanopainting, using an optical force brush (OFB). OFB enables precise spatial writing paths, instantaneous adjustment of linewidths and concentrations, and unrestricted resolution beyond optical limits. OFB allows rapid aggregation and solidification of radicals, resulting in narrower lines at lower polymerization thresholds and enhanced sensitivity to laser energy. This advancement enables high-accuracy free-space painting, analogous to Chinese brush painting on paper. The printing speed is increased substantially compared to layer-by-layer methods, from 100 to 1000 times faster. We successfully printed various bionic muscle models derived from 4D nanostructures with tunable mechanical properties, responsive to electrical signals, and excellent biocompatibility.
一种基于飞秒激光的技术——双光子聚合（TPP）已成为纳米制造和整合纳米材料的强大工具。然而，现有的三维（3D）纳米打印方法仍存在挑战，如逐层打印速度慢以及由于激光与物质相互作用导致的材料选择有限。在此，我们提出一种名为自由空间纳米绘画的3D纳米打印方法，使用光力刷（OFB）。OFB能够实现精确的空间写入路径、线宽和浓度的即时调整，以及超越光学极限的无限制分辨率。OFB可使自由基快速聚集和固化，从而在较低的聚合阈值下形成更窄的线条，并提高对激光能量的敏感度。这一进展实现了高精度的自由空间绘画，类似于在纸上进行中国水墨画。与逐层方法相比，打印速度大幅提高，快了100到1000倍。我们成功打印了各种源自4D纳米结构的仿生肌肉模型，这些模型具有可调的机械性能、对电信号有响应且具有出色的生物相容性。
