Tegegne Teketo Kassaw, Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Maddison Ralph
Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
Front Cardiovasc Med. 2023 Sep 4;10:1116905. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1116905. eCollection 2023.
People with cardiovascular disease (CVD) need to engage in healthy lifestyle behaviours. However, there is a gap in identifying longitudinal patterns of change in lifestyle behaviours among people with CVD. This study aimed to identify clustering of lifestyle risk behaviours and their 4 ± year changes among UK adults with CVD, and to determine the associated factors.
We used the UK Biobank data collected at two time points (2006-2010/baseline data = T and 2014+/third visit data = T). Six key lifestyle risk behaviours were assessed: smoking, high alcohol intake, poor fruit and vegetable consumption, physical inactivity, poor sleep balance (<7 or >8 h/night) and prolonged sitting. A random intercept latent transition analysis was performed to identify patterns of lifestyle risk behaviours at T and their changes from T to T.
We included 5,304 participants with CVD whose data on lifestyle risk behaviours were collected at two-time points. Alcohol intake and current smoking were 75.7% and 5.4% at baseline, respectively, and 67.4% and 3.0% at follow-up. Three latent classes emerged: Latent class (LC) 1-"high alcohol intake, poor sleep balance and poor fruit and vegetable intake", LC2-"high alcohol intake and poor fruit and vegetable intake", and LC3-"high alcohol intake". Most adults remained in the same LC over the 4 + years (range: 83.9%-100.0%). After 4 + years, 3.5% from LC3 and 10.4% from LC2 at baseline moved into LC1. The odds of transitioning to LC2 relative to staying in LC1 and LC3 were 2.22 and 4.13 times higher for males than for females, respectively. A single-year increase in participants' age was associated with a 1.16 times increase in the odds of moving to LC1 relative to staying in LC2.
People with CVD did not show improvement in lifestyle risk behaviours, and interventions targeting multiple lifestyle risk behaviours are needed to improve CVD.
心血管疾病（CVD）患者需要采取健康的生活方式行为。然而，在识别CVD患者生活方式行为的纵向变化模式方面存在差距。本研究旨在识别英国成年CVD患者生活方式风险行为的聚类情况及其4±年的变化，并确定相关因素。
我们使用了在两个时间点（2006 - 2010年/基线数据 = T和2014年及以后/第三次访视数据 = T）收集的英国生物银行数据。评估了六种关键的生活方式风险行为：吸烟、高酒精摄入量、水果和蔬菜摄入不足、身体活动不足、睡眠平衡差（<7或>8小时/晚）以及久坐不动。进行了随机截距潜在转变分析，以识别T时生活方式风险行为的模式及其从T到T的变化。
我们纳入了5304名CVD患者，他们的生活方式风险行为数据在两个时间点收集。基线时酒精摄入量和当前吸烟率分别为75.7%和5.4%，随访时分别为67.4%和3.0%。出现了三个潜在类别：潜在类别（LC）1 - “高酒精摄入量、睡眠平衡差和水果和蔬菜摄入不足”，LC2 - “高酒精摄入量和水果和蔬菜摄入不足”，以及LC3 - “高酒精摄入量”。在4 +年期间，大多数成年人保持在相同的潜在类别中（范围：83.9% - 100.0%）。4 +年后，基线时LC3的3.5%和LC2的10.4%进入了LC1。相对于留在LC1和LC3，男性转变为LC2的几率分别比女性高2.22倍和4.13倍。参与者年龄每增加一岁，相对于留在LC2，转向LC1的几率增加1.16倍。
CVD患者的生活方式风险行为没有改善，需要针对多种生活方式风险行为进行干预以改善心血管疾病。
