Tigray Agricultural Research Institute, Humera Agricultural Research Center, Humera, P.O.BOX 62, Tigray, Ethiopia.
Department of Dryland Crop and Horticultural Sciences, College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
Pest Manag Sci. 2024 Feb;80(2):518-532. doi: 10.1002/ps.7781. Epub 2023 Oct 10.
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is the most important winter season food legume in Ethiopia. Despite being a major producer and consumer of chickpeas, Ethiopia experiences lower yields due to biotic and abiotic stresses, particularly insect pest infestations during storage. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of different storage technologies and durations on the losses of stored chickpea seeds in terms of both quantity and quality. The experiment involved five storage technologies and three durations, spanning a period of 6 months, with data collected at 2-month intervals. The results showed that the Purdue Improved Crop Storage (PICS) and Super GrainPro (SGP) bags effectively maintained intergranular temperature, seed moisture content, and relative humidity throughout the storage period, followed by the modified hermetic metal silo. In contrast, traditional bags exhibited a significant increase in these parameters. The PICS and SGP bags also exhibited the lowest numbers of total insect pests after 6 months, while the jute bags had the highest infestation. Common insect species found in the stored chickpea seeds were Callosobruchus chinensis (L.), Sitophilus oryzae (L.), and Tribolium confusum (duVal). Furthermore, hermetic bags (PICS and SGP) demonstrated the least grain damage and weight loss, while jute bags had relatively higher values. Seed viability was well maintained in hermetic bags but significantly decreased in traditional bags. Overall, hermetic storage technologies, such as the PICS and SGP bags, effectively suppressed insect development, reduced losses, and preserved seed viability without the need for insecticides. It is recommended that farmers use these hermetic storage bags after proper drying to enhance food security and income generation. By implementing these recommendations, Ethiopia can enhance its chickpea storage practices, reduce post-harvest losses, and contribute to improved food security and economic sustainability in the chickpea sector. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
鹰嘴豆（Cicer arietinum L.）是埃塞俄比亚冬季最重要的食用豆类。尽管埃塞俄比亚是鹰嘴豆的主要生产国和消费国，但由于受到生物和非生物胁迫的影响，尤其是在储存期间遭受虫害，其产量较低。本研究旨在评估不同储存技术和时间对储存鹰嘴豆种子数量和质量损失的影响。该实验涉及五种储存技术和三个时间段，为期 6 个月，每两个月收集一次数据。结果表明，在整个储存期间，Purdue Improved Crop Storage (PICS) 和 Super GrainPro (SGP) 袋能够有效地维持颗粒间温度、种子水分含量和相对湿度，其次是改良的气密金属筒仓。相比之下，传统袋子的这些参数显著增加。经过 6 个月后，PICS 和 SGP 袋中的总虫害数量最低，而黄麻袋的虫害最多。在储存的鹰嘴豆种子中发现的常见昆虫种类是绿豆象（Callosobruchus chinensis (L.)）、玉米象（Sitophilus oryzae (L.)）和赤拟谷盗（Tribolium confusum (duVal）。此外，气密袋（PICS 和 SGP）的谷物损伤和重量损失最小，而黄麻袋的值相对较高。气密袋能很好地保持种子活力，但传统袋子的种子活力显著下降。总体而言，气密储存技术，如 PICS 和 SGP 袋，有效地抑制了昆虫的发育，减少了损失，并在不需要杀虫剂的情况下保持了种子的活力。建议农民在适当干燥后使用这些气密储存袋，以增强粮食安全和增加收入。通过实施这些建议，埃塞俄比亚可以改进其鹰嘴豆储存做法，减少产后损失，为提高鹰嘴豆部门的粮食安全和经济可持续性做出贡献。 © 2023 化学工业协会。
