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面向隐身技术的碳基雷达吸波材料

Carbon-Based Radar Absorbing Materials toward Stealth Technologies.

作者信息

Kim Seong-Hwang, Lee Seul-Yi, Zhang Yali, Park Soo-Jin, Gu Junwei

机构信息

Department of Chemistry, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Incheon, 22212, South Korea.

Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, P. R. China.

出版信息

Adv Sci (Weinh). 2023 Nov;10(32):e2303104. doi: 10.1002/advs.202303104. Epub 2023 Sep 21.

DOI:10.1002/advs.202303104
PMID:37735148
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10646258/
Abstract

Stealth technology is used to enhance the survival of military equipment in the field of military surveillance, as it utilizes a combination of techniques to render itself undetectable by enemy radar systems. Radar absorbing materials (RAMs) are specialized materials used to reduce the reflection (or absorption) of radar signals to provide stealth capability, which is a core component of passive countermeasures in military applications. The properties of RAMs can be optimized by adjusting their composition, microstructure, and surface geometry. Carbon-based materials present a promising approach for the fabrication of ultrathin, versatile, and high-performance RAMs due to their large specific surface area, lightweight, excellent dielectric properties, high electrical conductivity, and stability under harsh conditions. This review begins with a brief history of stealth technology and an introduction to electromagnetic waves, radar systems, and radar absorbing materials. This is followed by a discussion of recent research progress in carbon-based RAMs, including carbon blacks, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, graphite, graphene, and MXene, along with an in-depth examination of the principles and strategies on electromagnetic attenuation characteristics. Hope this review will offer fresh perspectives on the design and fabrication of carbon-based RAMs, thereby fostering a deeper fundamental understanding and promoting practical applications.

摘要

隐形技术用于提高军事装备在军事监视领域的生存能力，因为它利用多种技术组合使自身不被敌方雷达系统探测到。雷达吸波材料（RAMs）是用于减少雷达信号反射（或吸收）以提供隐形能力的特殊材料，这是军事应用中无源对抗措施的核心组成部分。可以通过调整其组成、微观结构和表面几何形状来优化RAMs的性能。碳基材料因其具有大的比表面积、轻质、优异的介电性能、高导电性以及在恶劣条件下的稳定性，为制造超薄、多功能和高性能的RAMs提供了一种有前景的方法。本文综述首先简要介绍隐形技术的历史以及对电磁波、雷达系统和雷达吸波材料的介绍。接着讨论碳基RAMs的最新研究进展，包括炭黑、碳纤维、碳纳米管、石墨、石墨烯和MXene，同时深入研究电磁衰减特性的原理和策略。希望本综述能为碳基RAMs的设计和制造提供新的视角，从而促进更深入的基础理解并推动实际应用。

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