Community Medicine Research Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), P.O. 12622, Giza, Dokki, Egypt.
Quantitative Methods Department, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt.
BMC Psychiatry. 2023 Sep 21;23(1):689. doi: 10.1186/s12888-023-05171-3.
Child disability has significant implications on their well-being and healthcare systems.
This survey aimed to assess the magnitude of seven types of disability among Egyptian children aged 1 < 6 years and their socio-demographic, epidemiological, and perinatal predictors.
A national population-based cross-sectional household survey targeting 21,316 children from eight governorates was conducted. The screening questionnaire was derived from the WHO ten-question survey tool validated for identifying seven disability categories.
The percentage of children with at least one disability was 8.1% as follows: speech/communication (4.4%), Mobility/physical (2.5%), Seizures (2.2%), Comprehension (1.7%), Intellectual impairment (1.4%), Visual (0.3%) and Hearing (0.2%). Age was not found to affect the odds of disability except for visual disability (significantly increased with age (AOR = 1.4, 95% CI:1.1-1.7). Male sex also increased the odds of all disabilities except visual, hearing, and seizures. Convulsions after birth significantly increased the odds of disability as follows: hearing (AOR = 8.1, 95% CI: 2.2-30.5), intellectual impairment (AOR = 4.2, 95% CI: 2.5-6.9), and mobility/physical (AOR = 3.4, 95% CI: 2.3-5.0). Preterm delivery and being kept in an incubator for more than two days after birth increased the odds for visual disability (AOR = 3.7, 95% CI: 1.1-12.1 & AOR = 3.7, 95% CI: 1.7-7.9 respectively). Cyanosis increased the odds of seizures (AOR = 4.7, 95% CI: 2.2-10.3). Low birth weight also increased the odds for all disability domains except for visual and hearing. Maternal health problems during pregnancy increased the odds for all types of disability except hearing and seizures. Higher paternal education decreased the odds for all disabilities by at least 30% except for vision and hearing.
The study found a high prevalence of disability among Egyptian children aged 1-6 years. It identified a number of modifiable risk factors for disability. The practice of early screening for disability is encouraged to provide early interventions when needed.
儿童残疾对其福祉和医疗体系有着重大影响。
本研究旨在评估埃及 1 至 6 岁儿童七种类型残疾的严重程度，以及残疾的社会人口学、流行病学和围产期预测因素。
采用全国性基于人群的横断面家庭调查，对来自 8 个省的 21316 名儿童进行了研究。筛选问卷源自世界卫生组织的 10 个问题调查工具，该工具经验证可用于识别七种残疾类别。
至少有一种残疾的儿童比例为 8.1%，包括言语/沟通（4.4%）、行动/身体（2.5%）、癫痫（2.2%）、理解（1.7%）、智力障碍（1.4%）、视力（0.3%）和听力（0.2%）。年龄对残疾的发生几率没有影响，但视力残疾除外（年龄越大，发生几率显著增加（OR=1.4，95%CI：1.1-1.7）。男性性别也会增加所有残疾的发生几率，但视觉、听觉和癫痫除外。出生后抽搐显著增加以下残疾的发生几率：听力（OR=8.1，95%CI：2.2-30.5）、智力障碍（OR=4.2，95%CI：2.5-6.9）和行动/身体（OR=3.4，95%CI：2.3-5.0）。早产和出生后在保温箱中放置超过两天会增加视觉残疾的发生几率（OR=3.7，95%CI：1.1-12.1 和 OR=3.7，95%CI：1.7-7.9）。发绀会增加癫痫的发生几率（OR=4.7，95%CI：2.2-10.3）。低出生体重也会增加除视觉和听觉以外的所有残疾发生几率。妊娠期间母亲的健康问题会增加所有类型残疾的发生几率，但听觉和癫痫除外。父亲受教育程度较高会降低所有残疾发生几率，除了视觉和听觉残疾。
研究发现，埃及 1 至 6 岁儿童残疾发生率较高。研究确定了一些可改变的残疾风险因素。鼓励进行早期残疾筛查，以便在需要时进行早期干预。
