Zelikovich Din, Dery Linoy, Sagi-Cohen Hila, Mandler Daniel
Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem 9190401 Israel
Chem Sci. 2023 Aug 2;14(36):9630-9650. doi: 10.1039/d3sc02178e. eCollection 2023 Sep 20.
Nanomaterials, and especially nanoparticles, have been introduced to almost any aspect of our lives. This has caused increasing concern as to their toxicity and adverse effects on the environment and human health. The activity of nanoparticles, including their nanotoxicity, is not only a function of the material they are made of but also their size, shape, and surface properties. It is evident that there is an unmet need for simple approaches to the speciation of nanoparticles, namely to monitor and detect them based on their properties. An appealing method for such speciation involves the imprinting of nanoparticles in soft matrices. The principles of imprinting nanoparticles originate from the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) approach. This review summarizes the current status of this emerging field, which bridges between the traditional MIP approach and the imprinting of larger entities such as viruses and bacteria. The concepts of nanoparticle imprinting and the requirement of both physical and chemical matching between the nanoparticles and the matrix are discussed and demonstrated.
纳米材料，尤其是纳米颗粒，已被引入到我们生活的几乎各个方面。这引发了人们对其毒性以及对环境和人类健康的不利影响日益增加的担忧。纳米颗粒的活性，包括它们的纳米毒性，不仅取决于它们所由的材料，还取决于它们的尺寸、形状和表面性质。显然，对于简单的纳米颗粒形态分析方法存在未满足的需求，即基于其性质对它们进行监测和检测。一种有吸引力的此类形态分析方法涉及在软基质中印刻纳米颗粒。纳米颗粒印迹的原理源自分子印迹聚合物（MIP）方法。本综述总结了这个新兴领域的当前状况，该领域架起了传统MIP方法与诸如病毒和细菌等较大实体的印迹之间的桥梁。讨论并展示了纳米颗粒印迹的概念以及纳米颗粒与基质之间物理和化学匹配的要求。
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