Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, Komotini, Greece.
School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Laboratory of Evaluation of Human Biological Performance, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece -
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2023 Dec;63(12):1285-1294. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.23.15108-5. Epub 2023 Sep 22.
Aim of this study was to determine the effect of: 1) integrative neuromuscular training (INT); and 2) detraining on power and skill performance indices in young female volleyball players.
Sixty-one pre- and early pubescent female volleyball players participated in this study divided into two groups, integrative neuromuscular training (INTG) and control (CG). The INTG followed a 12-week INT program twice weekly and both groups participated in volleyball training sessions. During 8-week detraining, both groups keep practicing volleyball. Participants were assessed on upper and lower limb power and skill accuracy tests prior, at the end and 8 weeks after INT. A repeated measures Analysis of Variance was used to examine groups' changes in performance for each variable and significance level was set at P<0.05.
INTG improved all power parameters more than CG after 12 weeks of INT (significant interaction, P<0.001) whilst the CG improved only countermovement jump (CMJ) height (P<0.05) and medicine ball (MB) throw (P<0.05). Both groups improved their technical skills accuracy (P<0.001) with INTG presenting higher improvements (P<0.001). During detraining, INTG maintained performance gains in CMJ and Cod (P<0.001). MB throw distance and technical skills accuracy kept on improving for both groups (P<0.01) with higher improvements observed in INTG (P<0.001).
INT may cause improvements in specific power and skill performance indices during in season training in young female volleyball players which may be maintained or even improved for at least 8-week detraining when players remain active through volleyball training.
本研究旨在确定以下两个方面的效果:1)综合神经肌肉训练(INT);2)对年轻女性排球运动员的力量和技能表现指标的停训影响。
本研究纳入了 61 名青春期前和早期的女性排球运动员,将其随机分为综合神经肌肉训练组(INTG)和对照组(CG)。INTG 组接受为期 12 周的 INT 训练,每周 2 次,两组均参加排球训练课程。在 8 周的停训期间,两组均继续进行排球训练。在 INT 前、结束时和结束后 8 周,对参与者的上下肢力量和技能准确性测试进行评估。采用重复测量方差分析来检查每组在每个变量上的表现变化,显著性水平设为 P<0.05。
INTG 在 12 周的 INT 后比 CG 改善了所有的力量参数(交互作用显著,P<0.001),而 CG 仅改善了反向跳跃(CMJ)高度(P<0.05)和药球投掷(MB)距离(P<0.05)。两组均提高了技术技能准确性(P<0.001),INTG 组的提高更为显著(P<0.001)。在停训期间,INTG 保持了 CMJ 和 Cod 的表现提升(P<0.001)。MB 投掷距离和技术技能准确性仍在继续提高,两组均有显著提高(P<0.01),INTG 组的提高更为显著(P<0.001)。
在年轻女性排球运动员的赛季训练中,INT 可能会引起特定力量和技能表现指标的提高,而在至少 8 周的停训期间,当运动员通过排球训练保持活跃时,这些提高可能会保持或甚至进一步提高。