Evolution and Ecophysiology Group, Department of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, University of Liège - Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Gembloux, Belgium.
Evolution and Ecophysiology Group, Department of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, University of Liège - Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Gembloux, Belgium.
Curr Opin Insect Sci. 2023 Dec;60:101118. doi: 10.1016/j.cois.2023.101118. Epub 2023 Sep 21.
Winter is a challenging season for ectothermic species such as insects. In addition to thermal stress imposed by cold temperatures, food scarcity during winter can lead to starvation and energy drain. In preparation for winter, most insects accumulate lipid (fat) reserves, which are the principal source of energetic fuel during overwintering. In this review, we highlight the most recent literature on lipid metabolism in response to cold. We first discuss how lipid metabolism is affected by biotic and abiotic environmental changes in preparation for winter. We then highlight how lipid dynamics are affected during winter, including physiological and (epi)genetic mechanisms. We end our review emphasizing the importance of remaining fat reserves in spring and how climate change can negatively impact lipid metabolism and fitness.
冬季对昆虫等变温动物来说是一个具有挑战性的季节。除了低温带来的热应激外，冬季食物短缺会导致饥饿和能量枯竭。为了应对冬季，大多数昆虫会积累脂质（脂肪）储备，这些储备是越冬期间主要的能量燃料来源。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了脂质代谢对寒冷的最新研究文献。我们首先讨论了脂质代谢如何受到生物和非生物环境变化的影响，以做好冬季准备。然后，我们强调了脂质在冬季的动态变化，包括生理和（表观遗传）机制。最后，我们强调了剩余脂肪储备在春季的重要性，以及气候变化如何对脂质代谢和适应度产生负面影响。
