São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Rua José Bonifácio 1193 Araçatuba, SP, Cep 16015-050, Brazil.
LIEC-Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), 13565-905, São Carlos/São Paulo, Brazil.
J Dent. 2023 Nov;138:104719. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104719. Epub 2023 Sep 22.
This in situ study aimed to assess the remineralizing effect of a fluoride toothpaste supplemented with β-calcium glycerophosphate in both micro (β-CaGPm) and nano-sized forms (β-CaGPn).
This blind and cross-over study was performed in 4 phases, each spanning 3 days. Twelve volunteers utilized palatal appliances containing four bovine enamel blocks with artificial caries lesions. Volunteers were randomly assigned to the following treatment groups: Placebo (no F-β-CaGPm-β-CaGPn); 1100 ppm F alone (1100F); 1100F plus 0.5% micrometric β-CaGP (1100F-0.5%β-CaGPm); and 1100F plus 0.25%nano-sized β-CaGP (1100F-0.25%β-CaGPn). Participants were instructed to brush their natural teeth with the palatal appliances in the mouth for 1 min (3 times/day), ensuring that the enamel blocks were exposed to the natural toothpaste slurries. Following each phase, evaluations were conducted to determine the percentage of surface hardness recovery (%SHR), integrated recovery of subsurface hardness (ΔIHR), profile subsurface lesion through polarized light microscopy (PLM), as well as fluoride (F), calcium (Ca), and phosphorus (P) concentrations within the enamel. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls test (p < 0.001).
Treatment with 1100F-0.25%β-CaGPn resulted in %SHR ∼69 % and ∼40 % higher when compared to 1100F and 1100F-0.5%β-CaGPm (p < 0.001). The reduction in lesion body (ΔIHR; PLM) was ∼40 % higher with 1100F-0.25%β-CaGPn (p < 0.001) compared to 1100F. The addition of β-CaGPm and β-CaGPn did not influence enamel F concentration (p > 0.001). Treatment with 1100F-0.25%β-CaGPn led to an increase in the concentration of Ca and P in the enamel (p < 0.001).
The addition of 0.25%β-CaGPn into 1100F formulation increased the bioavailability of calcium and phosphate, promoting a higher remineralizing effect.
Toothpaste containing 1100F-0.25%β-CaGPn showed a potential of higher remineralization to 1100 ppm F and 1100 ppm F micrometric β-CaGP could be a strategy for patients at caries activity.
本原位研究旨在评估含氟牙膏补充β-甘油磷酸钙（β-CaGP）的微（β-CaGPm）和纳米形式（β-CaGPn）对再矿化的影响。
该双盲交叉研究分为 4 个阶段，每个阶段持续 3 天。12 名志愿者使用含有四个牛牙釉质块和人工龋损的腭部器械。志愿者被随机分配到以下治疗组：安慰剂（无 F-β-CaGPm-β-CaGPn）；单独使用 1100ppm F（1100F）；1100F 加 0.5%微米级β-CaGP（1100F-0.5%β-CaGPm）；和 1100F 加 0.25%纳米级β-CaGP（1100F-0.25%β-CaGPn）。参与者被指示用腭部器械在口中刷牙 1 分钟（每天 3 次），确保釉质块暴露于天然牙膏糊中。每个阶段结束后，进行评估以确定表面硬度恢复百分比（%SHR）、表面下硬度综合恢复（ΔIHR）、偏振光显微镜下的表面下病变轮廓（PLM）以及釉质内氟（F）、钙（Ca）和磷（P）的浓度。数据分析采用方差分析和 Student-Newman-Keuls 检验（p<0.001）。
与 1100F 和 1100F-0.5%β-CaGPm 相比，使用 1100F-0.25%β-CaGPn 处理后的%SHR 约为 69%和 40%（p<0.001）。与 1100F 相比，1100F-0.25%β-CaGPn 处理后病变体（ΔIHR；PLM）减少约 40%（p<0.001）。β-CaGPm 和 β-CaGPn 的添加并未影响釉质中的 F 浓度（p>0.001）。使用 1100F-0.25%β-CaGPn 处理导致釉质中 Ca 和 P 的浓度增加（p<0.001）。
在 1100F 配方中添加 0.25%β-CaGPn 增加了钙和磷酸盐的生物利用度，促进了更高的再矿化效果。
含 1100F-0.25%β-CaGPn 的牙膏显示出比 1100ppm F 和 1100ppm F 微米级β-CaGP 更高的再矿化潜力，可能是活动龋患者的一种策略。
