Shettar Shreya S, Bagewadi Zabin K, Kolvekar Harsh N, Yunus Khan T M, Shamsudeen Shaik Mohamed
Department of Biotechnology, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, Karnataka 580031, India.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia.
Saudi J Biol Sci. 2023 Nov;30(11):103807. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103807. Epub 2023 Sep 6.
The increase and dissemination of multi-drug resistant bacteria have presented a major healthcare challenge, making bacterial infections a significant concern. The present research contributes towards the production of bioactive subtilisin from a marine soil isolate strain ZK3. Custard apple seed powder (raw carbon) and mustard oil cake (raw nitrogen) sources showed a pronounced effect on subtilisin production. A 7.67-fold enhancement in the production was evidenced after optimization with central composite design-response surface methodology. Subtilisin capped silver (AgNP) and zinc oxide (ZnONP) nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized by UV-Visible spectroscopy. Subtilisin and its respective nanoparticles revealed significant biological properties such as, antibacterial activity against all tested pathogenic strains with potential against and . Prospective antioxidant behavior of subtilisin, AgNP and ZnONP was evidenced through radical scavenging assays with ABTS and DPPH. Subtilisin, AgNP and ZnONP revealed cytotoxic effect against cancerous breast cell lines MCF-7 with ICof 83.48, 3.62 and 7.57 µg/mL respectively. Characterizations of nanoparticles were carried out by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis and atomic force microscopy analysis to elucidate the structure, surface and thermostability properties. The study proposes the potential therapeutic applications of subtilisin and its nanoparticles, a way forward for further exploration in the field of healthcare.
多重耐药细菌的增加和传播给医疗保健带来了重大挑战，使细菌感染成为一个重大问题。本研究有助于从海洋土壤分离菌株ZK3生产生物活性枯草杆菌蛋白酶。番荔枝种子粉（粗碳源）和芥子油饼（粗氮源）对枯草杆菌蛋白酶的生产有显著影响。采用中心复合设计-响应面法优化后，产量提高了7.67倍。合成了枯草杆菌蛋白酶包覆的银（AgNP）和氧化锌（ZnONP）纳米颗粒，并通过紫外-可见光谱进行了表征。枯草杆菌蛋白酶及其相应的纳米颗粒显示出显著的生物学特性，如对所有测试病原菌菌株具有抗菌活性，对[具体菌株1]和[具体菌株2]有潜在活性。通过ABTS和DPPH自由基清除试验证明了枯草杆菌蛋白酶、AgNP和ZnONP具有预期的抗氧化行为。枯草杆菌蛋白酶、AgNP和ZnONP对乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7显示出细胞毒性作用，IC50分别为83.48、3.62和7.57 μg/mL。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱、带能谱的扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、热重分析和原子力显微镜分析对纳米颗粒进行了表征，以阐明其结构、表面和热稳定性特性。该研究提出了枯草杆菌蛋白酶及其纳米颗粒的潜在治疗应用，为医疗保健领域的进一步探索指明了方向。
