School of Public Health, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran.
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Front Public Health. 2023 Sep 7;11:1201195. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1201195. eCollection 2023.
Disasters can lead to large human casualties, destruction of property and economic and environmental resources. The purpose of the present study was to answer the question whether the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) is effective in predicting behaviors related to the harmful effects of natural disasters in the households of southern Iran.
This quantitative and cross-sectional study was conducted on 528 households in Jiroft city. Sampling was done by combined method (the combination of cluster, simple random, proportional and systematic random sampling). A total of 528 households were included. The tools for collecting data were demographic information and a researcher-made questionnaire related to PMT constructs and preventive behaviors from the harmful effects of natural disasters. Data was analyzed using SPSS v21 software, and the necessary analyzes (descriptive tests, chi-square, one-way ANOVA and Pearson's correlation test) were performed at a significance level of 0.05. Using Amos v 21 software, the predictors of safety behaviors were determined using path analysis.
The results showed 51.7% lived in the city and 62.1% of residential buildings were of brick without markings. There is a significant difference between preventive behaviors and direct exposure to disasters ( < 0.001), education ( = 0.004), monthly income ( = 0.004) and source of information ( = 0.040). There was also a significant correlation between preventive behaviors and the number of vulnerable family members ( = 0.001, = 0.160). The adjusted model of the path analysis test showed that protection motivation (β = 0.547), fear (β = 0.147) and perceived vulnerability (β = 0.135) had the greatest role among the constructs of the protection motivation theory.
According to the results of the study, it is suggested that health planners design and implement educational interventions based on the structures of the mentioned model to increase the preparedness of households against natural disasters.
灾害可能导致大量人员伤亡、财产损失以及经济和环境资源的破坏。本研究旨在回答以下问题：保护动机理论（PMT）是否能有效预测伊朗南部家庭中与自然灾害有害影响相关的行为。
这是一项定量的横断研究，在吉尔福特市对 528 户家庭进行了研究。采用混合方法（聚类、简单随机、比例和系统随机抽样相结合）进行抽样。共纳入 528 户家庭。收集数据的工具是人口统计学信息和研究人员制作的与 PMT 结构以及预防自然灾害有害影响的行为相关的问卷。使用 SPSS v21 软件进行数据分析，并在 0.05 的显著性水平下进行必要的分析（描述性检验、卡方检验、单向方差分析和 Pearson 相关检验）。使用 Amos v 21 软件，通过路径分析确定安全行为的预测因素。
结果显示，51.7%的家庭居住在城市，62.1%的住宅建筑为无标记的砖房。预防行为与直接暴露于灾害（ < 0.001）、教育（ = 0.004）、月收入（ = 0.004）和信息来源（ = 0.040）之间存在显著差异。预防行为与弱势家庭成员人数之间也存在显著相关性（ = 0.001， = 0.160）。路径分析测试的调整模型表明，保护动机（β = 0.547）、恐惧（β = 0.147）和感知脆弱性（β = 0.135）在保护动机理论的结构中起着最大的作用。
根据研究结果，建议卫生规划人员根据该模型的结构设计和实施教育干预措施，以提高家庭对自然灾害的备灾能力。
