Tartaglia Maria, Scarano Pierpaolo, Prigioniero Antonello, Zuzolo Daniela, Postiglione Alessia, Falzarano Alessandra, Amoresano Angela, Illiano Anna, Pinto Gabriella, Schicchi Rosario, Geraci Anna, Sciarrillo Rosaria, Guarino Carmine
Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy.
Department of Chemical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Sep 8;14:1195673. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1195673. eCollection 2023.
The valorisation and conservation of plant genetic resources (PGRs) and wild fruit PGRs are critical to ensure the maintenance of genetic and cultural heritage and to promote new perspectives on resource use. New strategies to characterize PGRs are needed, and the omics approach can provide information that is still largely unknown. The Strawberry tree ( L.) is an underutilized, drought and fire-resistant species distributed in the Mediterranean area and its berries have large ethnobotanical use. Although their phenolic profile and antioxidant capacity are known, they are not well characterised, particularly from a proteomic perspective. The aim of this work is the characterisation of two ecotypes of (Campania and Sicily) from a molecular viewpoint to valorise and encourage the preservation of this wild fruit. Samples were collected from two different geographical areas to assess whether different geographical conditions could influence the characteristics of leaves and fruits at the three stages of ripening (green, veraison, red). Proteomic analysis identified 904 proteins, of which 122 showed significance along the ripening. Some of these differentially abundant proteins, such as chalcone synthase, show a marked increase during ripening. The protein functional classes with the highest representation are involved in protein and amino acid metabolism, glycolysis and in secondary metabolism. From a proteomic perspective, there are no differences between the fruits from the two regions compared by the ripening stage. However, the pedoclimatic metabolic imprinting allowed the observation of good diversity in the metabolomic profiles between the two ecotypes, especially for anthocyanins, 4 times more abundant in the Sicilian veraisoned fruit than in the Campania one, and catechins, with double the abundance in the Campania ecotype compared to the Sicilian ecotype in the green phase, but more abundant (3x) in the Sicilian veraisoned fruit. Phenolic compounds show a 20% greater abundance in the Campania green arbutus fruit than in the Sicilian one, values that then equalise as ripening progresses. Multi-omic characterisation enhanced the knowledge on a wild fruit plant species which shows specific adaptations and responses to the environment to be considered when addressing the issue of local agrobiodiversity.
植物遗传资源（PGRs）和野生水果PGRs的增值与保护对于确保遗传和文化遗产的维持以及促进资源利用的新视角至关重要。需要新的策略来表征PGRs，而组学方法可以提供大量仍未知的信息。草莓树（Arbutus unedo L.）是一种未得到充分利用、耐旱且耐火的物种，分布在地中海地区，其果实具有广泛的民族植物学用途。尽管其酚类成分和抗氧化能力已知，但它们的特征尚未得到很好的表征，特别是从蛋白质组学的角度。这项工作的目的是从分子角度表征草莓树（坎帕尼亚和西西里岛）的两个生态型，以促进和鼓励对这种野生水果的保护。从两个不同地理区域采集样本，以评估不同地理条件是否会影响成熟三个阶段（绿色、转色期、红色）的叶片和果实特征。蛋白质组学分析鉴定出904种蛋白质，其中122种在成熟过程中具有显著性。这些差异丰富的蛋白质中，如查尔酮合酶，在成熟过程中显著增加。代表性最高的蛋白质功能类别涉及蛋白质和氨基酸代谢、糖酵解和次生代谢。从蛋白质组学角度来看，按成熟阶段比较，两个地区的果实之间没有差异。然而，土壤气候代谢印记使得能够观察到两个生态型在代谢组学谱上的良好多样性，特别是对于花青素，西西里转色期果实中的含量比坎帕尼亚果实中的多4倍，以及儿茶素，在绿色阶段，坎帕尼亚生态型中的含量是西西里生态型的两倍，但在西西里转色期果实中含量更丰富（3倍）。酚类化合物在坎帕尼亚绿色草莓果实中的含量比西西里果实中的高20%，随着成熟进程，这些值会趋于相等。多组学表征增强了对一种野生水果植物物种的了解，该物种表现出特定的适应环境的能力和反应，在解决当地农业生物多样性问题时应予以考虑。
