Iervolino Stefania, Scarano Pierpaolo, Madera Jessica Raffaella, Franco Cristina, Tartaglia Maria, Stilo Romania, Sciarrillo Rosaria, Canzoniero Lorella Maria Teresa, Moreno Maria, Guarino Carmine
Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples 'Federico II', Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Via F. de Sanctis, snc, 82100 Benevento, Italy.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Jul 12;13(7):834. doi: 10.3390/antiox13070834.
L. is a natural source of bioactive compounds that is already used for cosmeceutical and nutraceutical approaches. However, their phytochemical and antioxidant properties, although studied, have not been fully explored. We aimed to characterize L. cv. Falanghina seed extracts in different polarity solvents (hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and a mixture of acetone-water) for their phytochemical contents, including the total phenolic compound content (TPC), free radical scavenging capacities, and antioxidant ability on HepG2 cells. We directly profiled the functional quality of seed extracts against HO-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells, focusing on mitochondrial functions. The content of bioactive compounds was characterized by LC-MS. To assess the cytocompatibility of the extracts, a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was conducted. Results showed that extraction with ethyl acetate (18.12 mg GAE·g) and ethanol solvents (18.07 mg GAE·g), through Soxhlet, and with an acetone-water mixture (14.17 mg GAE·g), through maceration, yielded extracts rich in (poly)phenols, with good scavenging and antioxidant activity (98.32 I% for ethanol solvents and 96.31 I% for acetone-water mixture). The antioxidant effect of polyphenols is at least partially due to their capacity to maintain mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy, which elevates mitochondrial efficiency, resulting in diminished ROS production, hence re-establishing the mitochondrial quality control. These findings highlight the valorization of by-products to improve food functional characteristics.
L. 是生物活性化合物的天然来源，已用于药妆和营养保健领域。然而，尽管对其植物化学和抗氧化特性进行了研究，但尚未得到充分探索。我们旨在表征L. cv. Falanghina种子在不同极性溶剂（己烷、乙酸乙酯、乙醇和丙酮 - 水混合物）中的提取物的植物化学成分，包括总酚化合物含量（TPC）、自由基清除能力以及对HepG2细胞的抗氧化能力。我们直接分析了种子提取物对HepG2细胞中HO诱导的氧化应激的功能质量，重点关注线粒体功能。生物活性化合物的含量通过液相色谱 - 质谱联用（LC - MS）进行表征。为了评估提取物的细胞相容性，进行了3 -（4,5 - 二甲基噻唑 - 2 - 基）- 2,5 - 二苯基四氮唑溴盐（MTT）试验。结果表明，通过索氏提取法用乙酸乙酯（18.12 mg GAE·g）和乙醇溶剂（18.07 mg GAE·g）以及通过浸渍法用丙酮 - 水混合物（14.17 mg GAE·g）提取得到的提取物富含（多）酚，具有良好的清除和抗氧化活性（乙醇溶剂为98.32 I%，丙酮 - 水混合物为96.31 I%）。多酚的抗氧化作用至少部分归因于它们维持线粒体生物发生和线粒体自噬的能力，这提高了线粒体效率，导致活性氧产生减少，从而重新建立线粒体质量控制。这些发现突出了对副产品进行增值利用以改善食品功能特性的重要性。
