Díaz Gonzalo A, Latorre Bernardo A
Laboratorio de Patología Frutal, Departamento de Producción Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.
Departamento de Fruticultura, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Front Fungal Biol. 2022 Nov 28;3:1026516. doi: 10.3389/ffunb.2022.1026516. eCollection 2022.
Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) are one of the most important phytosanitary problems that affect grapevines () worldwide. In Chile, is the major fungal trunk pathogen associated with GTDs. In the vineyards, the natural infections by are associated with air-borne conidia dispersed onto fresh pruning wounds from pycnidia. These pruning wounds are considered an important entrance for fungal trunk pathogens such as in the host in the field. However, the duration of the susceptibility of grapevine annual pruning wounds to is still unknown in Chile. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the period of susceptibility of pruning wounds of different ages to artificial infection of on grapevine cv. Cabernet Sauvignon, Central Chile. Artificial inoculations of a conidial suspension (10 conidia/mL) of were used to determine the susceptibility of pruning wounds of different ages, from 1, 15, 30, and 45 days after pruning. The experiments were conducted on lignified cuttings in a greenhouse, and on vine spurs in two vineyards (Buin and Nancagua, Central Chile) during two consecutive seasons. The results indicated that the pruning wounds of grapevine cv. Cabernet Sauvignon were very susceptible to infections by , with a percentage of pruning wounds infected from 97 to 71% for cuttings, and 96% to 60% for spurs, during the first 15 days after pruning. However, the susceptibility of pruning wounds of different ages in cuttings and spurs of grapevine, generally decreased as the time from pruning to inoculation increased. Moreover, the pruning wounds the pruning wounds remained susceptible to artificial inoculation by for up 45 days after pruning with percent of wounds infected from 8.0 to 12.2, and 8.3 to 18.8% on cuttings and spurs of grapevine, respectively. Finally, this study constitutes study constitutes the first research focalized on the susceptibility of pruning wounds of various ages of grapevine cv. Cabernet Sauvignon to artificial inoculations by in Central Chile.
葡萄树干病害（GTDs）是影响全球葡萄藤的最重要的植物检疫问题之一。在智利，[具体病原菌名称未给出]是与GTDs相关的主要真菌树干病原菌。在葡萄园里，[具体病原菌名称未给出]的自然感染与从分生孢子器中散布到新鲜修剪伤口上的气传分生孢子有关。这些修剪伤口被认为是田间寄主中诸如[具体病原菌名称未给出]等真菌树干病原菌的重要入侵途径。然而，在智利，葡萄一年生修剪伤口对[具体病原菌名称未给出]的易感期仍然未知。因此，本研究旨在评估智利中部赤霞珠葡萄不同年龄修剪伤口对[具体病原菌名称未给出]人工感染的易感期。使用[具体病原菌名称未给出]的分生孢子悬浮液（10个分生孢子/毫升）进行人工接种，以确定修剪后1、15、30和45天不同年龄修剪伤口的易感性。实验在温室中的木质化插条上进行，并在两个葡萄园（智利中部的比因和南卡瓜）的葡萄短枝上连续两个季节进行。结果表明，智利中部赤霞珠葡萄的修剪伤口对[具体病原菌名称未给出]的感染非常敏感，修剪后的前15天，插条上修剪伤口的感染率为97%至71%，短枝上为96%至60%。然而，葡萄插条和短枝上不同年龄修剪伤口的易感性通常随着从修剪到接种时间的增加而降低。此外，修剪伤口在修剪后长达45天仍易受[具体病原菌名称未给出]的人工接种感染，葡萄插条和短枝上伤口的感染率分别为8.0%至12.2%和8.3%至18.8%。最后，本研究是首次聚焦于智利中部赤霞珠葡萄不同年龄修剪伤口对[具体病原菌名称未给出]人工接种的易感性的研究。
