Vinha Fernando Belezini, Rojas Luis Angel Chicoma, Ramos Sales Cinara, Monteiro Lima Natalia Sarmanho, Nascimento Joacir Do, De Carvalho Lucas Amoroso Lopes, Lemos Eliana Gertrudes De Macedo
Department of Agricultural, Livestock and Environmental Biotechnology, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Plant Microorganisms, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Jaboticabal, Brazil.
Department of Agricultural Production Sciences, Laboratory of Microbial Biological Control of Arthropod Pests, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, Brazil.
Front Fungal Biol. 2023 Jan 26;3:968528. doi: 10.3389/ffunb.2022.968528. eCollection 2022.
Recent studies have shown that entomopathogenic fungi, as endophytes, can have beneficial effects on plants, protecting them from defoliating insects. The potential of endophytic association by entomopathogenic fungi with the peanut crop has been little explored. In our study, we conducted experiments by inoculation of peanut seeds through a soil drench method with nine strains/species of entomopathogenic fungi of the genera , and , subsequently these plants were consumed by two larval pests, and . The parameters of larval growth rates, mortality, foliar consumption and larval period were observed during the development of larvae. In addition, the endophytic capacity of these fungi in peanut plants and their persistence in soil were investigated. In two replicate greenhouse trials for each larva, peanut plants were inoculated with fungi by the soil-drench method. We evaluated the performance of and feeding on inoculated peanut plants starting at the 2nd larval instar. The larval and pupal weights of and were significantly different among the fungal treatment groups, where insects feeding on control plants exhibited higher larval and pupal weights than insects feeding on treated plants. The differences in larval period showed that Control larvae pupated faster than the larvae fed on fungal-inoculated plants, fungal treatments had a larval period of 3 to 5 days more than the control. The mortality rates of and were significantly different among the fungal treatment groups, insects fed on Control plants exhibited higher survival than insects fed on fungal-inoculated plants. The persistence of all fungi was higher in the soil compared to other fungi, and only and IBCB215 emerged from the phyllosphere of peanut plants. Although the fungus Cordyceps presented the worst performance among the fungal treatments. Overall, our results demonstrate the negative effects on the development of and that were fed on fungal-inoculated peanut plants, the best results recorded were for strains and the fungus IBCB215.
最近的研究表明，作为内生菌的昆虫病原真菌对植物可能具有有益作用，能保护植物免受食叶昆虫侵害。昆虫病原真菌与花生作物形成内生关联的潜力尚未得到充分探索。在我们的研究中，我们通过土壤浇灌法用9种 、 和 属的昆虫病原真菌菌株/物种接种花生种子，随后这些植物被两种幼虫害虫 和 取食。在幼虫发育过程中观察幼虫生长速率、死亡率、叶片消耗量和幼虫期等参数。此外，还研究了这些真菌在花生植株中的内生能力及其在土壤中的持久性。在针对每种幼虫的两次重复温室试验中，通过土壤浇灌法用真菌接种花生植株。我们从幼虫第二龄期开始评估 和 取食接种真菌的花生植株的表现。 在真菌处理组之间， 和 的幼虫和蛹重存在显著差异，取食对照植株的昆虫的幼虫和蛹重高于取食处理植株的昆虫。幼虫期的差异表明，对照幼虫比取食接种真菌植株的幼虫更快化蛹，真菌处理组的幼虫期比对照组多3至5天。 在真菌处理组之间， 和 的死亡率存在显著差异，取食对照植株的昆虫的存活率高于取食接种真菌植株的昆虫。与其他真菌相比，所有 真菌在土壤中的持久性更高，只有 和IBCB215从花生植株的叶际中分离出来。尽管在真菌处理中虫草菌表现最差。总体而言，我们的结果表明，取食接种真菌的花生植株对 和 的发育有负面影响，记录的最佳结果是 菌株和真菌IBCB215。
