Akram Nudrat Aisha, Shafiq Fahad, Ashraf Muhammad
Dept. of Botany, Government College Univ. Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Pakistan Science Foundation, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2018 Sep;17(5):1325-1338. doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.12383. Epub 2018 Aug 17.
Peanut is a multipurpose oil-seed legume, which offer benefits in many ways. Apart from the peanut plant's beneficial effects on soil quality, peanut seeds are nutritious and medicinally and economically important. In this review, insights into peanut origin and its domestication are provided. Peanut is rich in bioactive components, including phenolics, flavonoids, polyphenols, and resveratrol. In addition, the involvement of peanut in biological nitrogen fixation is highly significant. Recent reports regarding peanut responses and N fixation ability in response to abiotic stresses, including drought, salinity, heat stress, and iron deficiency on calcareous soils, have been incorporated. As a biotechnological note, recent advances in the development of transgenic peanut plants are also highlighted. In this context, regulation of transcriptional factors and gene transfer for the development of stress-tolerant peanut genotypes are of prime importance. Above all, this review signifies the importance of peanut cultivation and human consumption in view of the scenario of changing world climate in order to maintain food security.
花生是一种多用途的油料豆类作物，在许多方面都有好处。除了花生植株对土壤质量有益外，花生种子营养丰富，在药用和经济方面都很重要。在这篇综述中，提供了对花生起源及其驯化的见解。花生富含生物活性成分，包括酚类、黄酮类、多酚类和白藜芦醇。此外，花生在生物固氮中的作用非常重要。纳入了最近关于花生对非生物胁迫（包括干旱、盐度、热胁迫和石灰性土壤缺铁）的反应及固氮能力的报道。作为一个生物技术方面的说明，还强调了转基因花生植株开发的最新进展。在这种情况下，转录因子的调控和基因转移对于培育耐胁迫花生基因型至关重要。最重要的是，鉴于世界气候变化的形势，为了维持粮食安全，这篇综述表明了花生种植和人类消费的重要性。
