Tomo Sojit, Kiran Kumar Pvsn, Yadav Dharamveer, Sankanagoudar Shrimanjunath, Charan Jayakaran, Purohit Abhishek, Nag Vijaya Lakshmi, Bhatia Pradeep Kumar, Singh Kuldeep, Dutt Naveen, Garg Mahendra Kumar, Misra Sanjeev, Sharma Praveen, Purohit Purvi
Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Jodhpur, Basni Phase 2, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005 India.
Department of Biochemistry, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam, India.
Indian J Clin Biochem. 2023 Oct;38(4):447-456. doi: 10.1007/s12291-023-01148-x. Epub 2023 Aug 16.
The severe acute respiratory distress syndrome-associated coronavirus-2 infection can activate innate and adaptive immune responses which may lead to harmful tissue damage, both locally and systemically. C3, a member of complement system of serum proteins, is a major component of innate immune and inflammatory responses. This study is aimed to assess serum C3 as a marker of COVID-19 severity and a predictor of disease progression. A total of 150 COVID-19 patients, confirmed by RT-PCR, and 50 healthy controls were recruited. Serum C3 levels were determined by using direct colorimetric method. Median levels of serum C3 in total cases and controls were 157.8 and 165.7 mg/dL respectively. Serum C3 although not significantly decreased, they were lower in cases when compared to controls. Similarly, significant differences were found between the groups, with severe group (140.6 mg/dL) having low levels of serum C3 protein when compared to mild (161.0 mg/dL) and moderate group (167.1 mg/dL). Interestingly, during hospitalization, significant difference between baseline (admission) and follow-up (discharge) was observed only in patients with moderate disease. Based on our results, lower levels of C3, with an increase in IL-6 and d-dimer levels, are associated with higher odds of mortality. Therefore, we would like to emphasize that measuring serum C3 levels along with other inflammatory markers might give an added advantage in early identification of patients who are prone to having a severe disease course and can help in a more effective follow-up of disease progression.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12291-023-01148-x.
严重急性呼吸窘迫综合征相关冠状病毒-2感染可激活先天性和适应性免疫反应，这可能导致局部和全身的有害组织损伤。补体系统血清蛋白成员C3是先天性免疫和炎症反应的主要成分。本研究旨在评估血清C3作为2019冠状病毒病严重程度的标志物和疾病进展的预测指标。共招募了150例经逆转录聚合酶链反应确诊的2019冠状病毒病患者和50名健康对照者。采用直接比色法测定血清C3水平。总病例组和对照组血清C3的中位数水平分别为157.8和165.7mg/dL。血清C3虽然没有显著降低，但与对照组相比，病例组的水平较低。同样，各组之间也发现了显著差异，与轻症组（161.0mg/dL）和中症组（167.1mg/dL）相比，重症组（140.6mg/dL）的血清C3蛋白水平较低。有趣的是，在住院期间，仅在中症患者中观察到基线（入院时）和随访（出院时）之间存在显著差异。根据我们的结果，C3水平较低，同时白细胞介素-6和D-二聚体水平升高，与较高的死亡几率相关。因此，我们想强调的是，测量血清C3水平以及其他炎症标志物可能在早期识别易患严重病程的患者方面具有额外优势，并有助于更有效地跟踪疾病进展。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s12291-023-01148-x获取的补充材料。
