Zhang XinYi, Xu Xiaoqing, Song Jiajia, Xu Yumeng, Qian Hui, Jin Jianhua, Liang Zhao Feng
Wujin Institute of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine of Jiangsu University, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou 213017, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu university, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
Nanjing Renpin ENT Hospital, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2023 Nov;167:115527. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115527. Epub 2023 Sep 24.
While previous research on cancer biology has focused on genes that code for proteins, in recent years it has been discovered that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs)play key regulatory roles in cell biological functions. NcRNAs account for more than 95% of human transcripts and are an important entry point for the study of the mechanism of cancer development. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that ncRNAs can act as tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes to regulate tumor development at the epigenetic level, transcriptional level, as well as post-transcriptional level. Because of the importance of ncRNAs in cancer, most clinical trials have focused on ncRNAs to explore whether ncRNAs can be used as new biomarkers or therapies. In this review, we focus on recent studies of ncRNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), circle RNAs (circRNAs), PIWI interacting RNAs (piRNAs), and tRNA in different types of cancer and explore the application of these ncRNAs in the development of cancer and the identification of relevant therapeutic targets and tumor biomarkers. Graphical abstract drawn by Fidraw.
虽然先前关于癌症生物学的研究主要集中在编码蛋白质的基因上，但近年来人们发现非编码RNA（ncRNA）在细胞生物学功能中发挥着关键的调控作用。ncRNA占人类转录本的95%以上，是研究癌症发生机制的重要切入点。越来越多的研究表明，ncRNA可以作为肿瘤抑制基因或癌基因，在表观遗传水平、转录水平以及转录后水平调控肿瘤的发展。由于ncRNA在癌症中的重要性，大多数临床试验都聚焦于ncRNA，以探索其是否可作为新的生物标志物或治疗手段。在本综述中，我们重点关注ncRNA（包括微小RNA（miRNA）、长链ncRNA（lncRNA）、环状RNA（circRNA）、PIWI相互作用RNA（piRNA）和转运RNA（tRNA））在不同类型癌症中的最新研究，并探讨这些ncRNA在癌症发展、相关治疗靶点鉴定及肿瘤生物标志物识别中的应用。由Fidraw绘制的图形摘要。
